* Ziller WG (1974) The tree rusts of western Canada. Forest Service, British Columbia, Canada, Publications No. 1329, pp. 144-147. Forest Service, British Columbia, Canada.
------- aecial hosts of Melampsora medusae with reported infection in nature
* Ziller WG (1974) The tree rusts of western Canada. Forest Service, British Columbia, Canada, Publications No. 1329, pp. 144-147. Forest Service, British Columbia, Canada.
------- aecial hosts of Melampsora medusae with reported infection in nature
* INTERNET
ScaleNet. Chionaspis pinifoliae. http://scalenet.info/catalogue/Chionaspis%20pinifoliae/
* Coleman GA (1903) Coccidae of the Coniferae, with the descriptions of ten new species from California. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 11(2), 61–85.
* Liu T (1987) Biosystematics of the genus Chionaspis (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) of North America, with emphasis on polymorphism. Masters Theses. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 305 p.
* Gwiazdowski RA, Vea MI, Andersen CJ & Normark BB (2011) Discovery of cryptic species among North American pine-feeding Chionaspis scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 104(1), 47–62.;
* Normark BB, Okusu A, Morse GE, Peterson DA, Itioka T & Schneider SA (2019) Phylogeny and classification of armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae). Zootaxa 4616(1), 1–98.
* INTERNET
ScaleNet. Chionaspis pinifoliae. http://scalenet.info/catalogue/Chionaspis%20pinifoliae/
* Gwiazdowski RA, Vea MI, Andersen CJ & Normark BB (2011) Discovery of cryptic species among North American pine-feeding Chionaspis scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 104(1), 47–62.
------- Pinus maximartinezii, Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa (as Pinus washoensis).
* Llewellyn-Jones JRJ (1935) Some food plants of lepidopterous larvae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 31, 28-32.
* Shore TL, Alfaro RI (1986) The spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 83, 31-38.
------- minor host in Bristish Colombia.
* Robson JRM, Conciatori F, Tardif JC, Knowles K (2015) Tree-ring response of jack pine and scots pine to budworm defoliation in central Canada. Forest Ecology and Management 347, 83-95.
* Leal I, Bergeron MJ, Feau N, Tsui CKM, Foord B, Pellow K, Hamelin RC & Sturrock RN (2019) Cryptic speciation in western North America and Eastern Eurasia of the pathogens responsible for laminated root rot. Phytopathology 109(3), 456–468. https://doi:10.1094/PHYTO-12-17-0399-R
* Ziller WG (1974) The tree rusts of Western Canada. Forest Service, British Columbia, Canada Publication No. 1329, pp. 78-100.
-------- List of hosts of Endocronartium harknessii.
* Zhao P, Liu F, Huang JE, Zhou X, Duan WJ, Cai L (2022) Cronartium rust (Pucciniales, Cronartiaceae): species delineation, diversity and host alternation. Mycosphere 13(1), 672–723.
* Hain FP, Duehl AJ, Gardener MJ, Payne TL (2011) Natural History of the Southern Pine Beetle. In: Coulson, R.N.; Klepzig, K.D. 2011. Southern Pine Beetle II. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-140. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 13-24. https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/39019
------- "The SPB infests and kills all pine species in its range"
* Grégoire JC (1988) The greater European spruce beetle. In: Dynamics of forest insect populations (Ed. by Berryman A) Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York, USA. pp. 455-478.
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 615 pp.
------- Adult host.
* Drenkhan R et al. (2016) Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review. Forest Pathology 46, 408-442.
------- Varying from slightly to highly susceptible.
* Dixon WN (1982) Lesser cornstalk borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Entomology Circular, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services no 236, 2 pp.
* Drenkhan R, Ganley B, Martín-García J, Vahalík P, Adamson K, Adamčíková K, Ahumada R, Blank L et al. (2020) Global geographic distribution and host range of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker. Forests 11(7), 724.
* Gordon TR, Storer AJ, Wood DL (2001) The pitch canker epidemics in California. Plant Disease, 85(11), 1128-1139.
-------- As Pinus contorta subsp. contorta.
* Furniss RL, Carolin VM (1977) Western forest insects (Scolytidae, Platypodidae). Miscellaneous Publications, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service No. 1339, pp. 1-654
* Douglas HB, Cognato AI, Grebennikov V, Savard K (2019) Dichotomous and matrix-based keys to the Ips bark beetles of the World (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 38, 234 pp. http://cjai.biologicalsurvey.ca/dcgs_38/factsheets/Ips_hauseri.pdf
* Gandhi KJ, Seybold SJ (2002) Tamarack (Pinaceae): previously unrecorded developmental host for pine engraver and southern pine engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The Canadian Entomologist 134(3), 299-302.
* Lanier GN (1967) Ips plastographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) tunnelling in sapwood of lodgepole pine in California. The Canadian Entomologist, 99(12), 1334-1335.
* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00733.x
* Akbulut S, Togashi K & Linit MJ (2017) Cerambycids as plant disease vectors with special reference to pine wilt. In Cerambycidae of the world, pp. 209-252. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
* Linsley EG, Chemsak JA (1984) The Cerambycidae of North America, Part VII, No. 1: taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Lamiinae, tribes Parmenini through Acanthoderini. University of California Publications in Entomology 102, 258 pp.
* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00733.x
* Keen FP (1952) Insect Enemies of Western Forests. Miscellaneous Publication no. 273. USDA, 209 pp.
* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00733.x
* Monné MA, Nearns EH (2021) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Canada and United States of America. Part IV. Subfamily Lamiinae. https://cerambycids.com/catalog/Monne&Nearns_2021_NearcticCat_part_IV.pdf
* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00733.x
* Duffy EAJ (1960) A monograph of the immature stages of neotropical timber beetles. London: British Museum (Natural History), 327 pp.
* Monné MA, Nearns EH (2021) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Canada and United States of America. Part IV. Subfamily Lamiinae. https://cerambycids.com/catalog/Monne&Nearns_2021_NearcticCat_part_IV.pdf
* Plant-SyNZ. Landcare Research (NZ). Host plants of a herbivore -Oemona hirta. http://plant-synz.landcareresearch.co.nz/index.asp). Last accessed 2021-06.
* Heppner JB (2003) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Volume 17 of Arthropods of Florida and neighboring land areas. Division of Plant Industry. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Gainesville, Florida. 670 pp
* Robinson GS, Ackery PR, Kitching IJ, Beccaloni GW, Hernández LM (2010) HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosts.
* Smith SG, Sugden BA (1969) Host trees and breeding sites of native North American Pissodes bark weevils, with a note on synonymy. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62, 146-148.
* Humble LM, Humphreys N, Van Sickle GA (1994) Distribution and hosts of the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi (Peck), in Canada. pp. 68-75. In AIfaro RI, Kiss G, Fraser RG (eds) The white pine weevil: biology, damage and management. Proceedings of a symposium held January 19-21, 1994 in Richmond, British Columbia. FRDA Report No. 226. 75 pp.
------- as P. contorta var. latifolia. Breeding host
* Atkinson TH (2024) Bark and ambrosia beetles of the Americas. Available online: http://www.barkbeetles.info.
* Wood SL, Bright DE (1992) A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2. Taxonomic Index Volumes A and B. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 13, 1-1553.
* Gomez-Bustillo MR (1978) Los Thaumetopoeidae de la Peninsula Iberica: nociones de sistematica, ecologica e importancia economica de la famila. Revista de Lepidopterologia 5, 283-290; 6, 113- 124.
* Malumphy C, Hamilton MA, Manco BN, Green PW, Sanchez MD, Corcoran M, Salamanca E (2012) Toumeyella parvicornis (Hemiptera: Coccidae), causing severe decline of Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Florida Entomologist 95(1), 113-119.
* CAPS (2019) Trichoferus campestris. Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey pest datasheets. http://download.ceris.purdue.edu/file/3869
------- Living host.
* Hawksworth FG, Wiens D (1996) Dwarf mistletoes: Biology, pathology, and systematics. USDA - Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 709, 429 pp.
------- Principal host for A. tsugense subsp. tsugense.
* Scharpf RF (ed) (1993) Diseases of Pacific Coast Conifers. Agriculture Handbook no. 521. USDA, Forest Service (US), 199 pp.
* Sinclair WA, Lyon HH, Johnson WT (2005) Diseases of Trees and Shrubs, Cornell University Press. Ithaca, NY (USA). 660 pp.
* Scharpf RF (ed) (1993) Diseases of Pacific Coast Conifers. Agriculture Handbook no. 521. USDA, Forest Service (US), 199 pp.
* Sinclair WA, Lyon HH, Johnson WT (2005) Diseases of Trees and Shrubs, Cornell University Press. Ithaca, NY (USA). 660 pp.
* Sinclair WA & Lyon HH (2005) In: Diseases of trees and shrubs, second edition, 660 pp. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, USA.
------- Pinus banksiana and P. contorta are the most affected species.
* Armendariz-Toledano F, Zuniga G (2016) Illustrated key to species of genus Dendroctonus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) occurring in Mexico and Central America. Journal of Insect Science 17(2), 1-15.
------- Listed as a host.
* Atkinson TH (2018) Bark and ambrosia beetles (US and Canada). Available at: http://www.barkbeetles.info/regional_chklist_target_species.php?lookUp=491 (accessed 29 June 2018)
* Punithalingam E, Gibson IAS (1973) Gremmeniella abietina. CMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria no. 369. CABI, Wallingford (GB).
* Sinclair WA & Lyon HH (2005) Diseases of Trees and Shrubs (No. Ed. 2). Comstock Publishing Associates. 650 pp.
* Cameron E, Stark R (1989) Variations in the life cycle of the lodgepole terminal weevil, Pissodes terminalis Hopping (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in California. The Canadian Entomologist 121(9), 793-801.
