EPPO Global Database

Harringtonia lauricola(RAFFLA)

Vectors

Important note on vectors:
Information on vectors and their associated pathogens is a new feature of the database (April 2023). Data will gradually be entered by the EPPO Secretariat and will focus on regulated (quarantine) pests.
Organism Type
Apteromechus ferratus (APTMFE) Potential vector
Knutsen MC, Rieske LK (2023) Presence of the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in sassafras-associated insects. Environmental Entomology 52(6), 1042-1047.
Xyleborinus gracilis (XYBIGR) Potential vector
* Carrillo D, Duncan RE, Ploetz JN, Campbell AF, Ploetz RC & Peña JE (2014) Lateral transfer of a phytopathogenic symbiont among native and exotic ambrosia beetles. Plant Pathology, 63(1), 54-62.
Xyleborinus saxesenii (XYLBSA) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
------- transported externally. 
Xyleborus affinis (XYLBAF) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
------- transported externally.
Xyleborus bispinatus (XYLBBI) Potential vector
* Menocal O, Cruz LF, Kendra PE, Berto M & Carillo D (2023) Flexibility in the ambrosia symbiosis of Xyleborus bispinatus. Frontiers in Microbiology 14, 1110474. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018145/
Xyleborus volvulus (XYLBTO) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
------- transported externally.
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (XYLBCR) Potential vector
* Knutsen MC, Rieske LK (2023) Presence of the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in sassafras-associated insects. Environmental Entomology 52(6), 1042-1047.
------- analysis showed internal presence of Harringtonia lauricola in the beetle.
Xyleborus glabratus (XYLBGR) Known vector
* Harrington TC, Yun HY, Lu SS, Goto H, Aghayeva DN, Fraedrich SW (2011) Isolations from the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus, confirm that the laurel wilt pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola, originated in Asia. Mycologia 103, 1028-1036.

* Menard RD, Clarke SR, Fraedrich SW, Harrington TC (2016) First report of laurel wilt, caused by Raffaelea lauricola, on redbay (Persea borbonia) in Texas. Plant Disease 100(7), 1502.