EPPO Global Database

Harringtonia lauricola(RAFFLA)

Vectors

Important note on vectors:
Information on vectors and their associated pathogens is a new feature of the database (April 2023). Data will gradually be entered by the EPPO Secretariat and will focus on regulated (quarantine) pests.
Organism Type
Ambrosiodmus lecontei (AMBDLC) Potential vector
* Ploetz RC, Konkol JL, Narvaez T, Duncan RE, Saucedo RJ, Campbell A, Mantilla J, Carrillo D, Kendra PE (2017) Presence and prevalence of Raffaelea lauricola, cause of laurel wilt, in different species of ambrosia beetle in Florida, USA. Journal of Economic Entomology 110(2), 347-354. 
------- detected in very small proportion of beetles but transmission not confirmed
Apteromechus ferratus (APTMFE) Potential vector
* Knutsen MC, Rieske LK (2023) Presence of the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in sassafras-associated insects. Environmental Entomology 52(6), 1042-1047.
------- detected but transmission not confirmed
Xyleborinus andrewesi (XYBIAN) Potential vector
* Ploetz RC, Konkol JL, Narvaez T, Duncan RE, Saucedo RJ, Campbell A, Mantilla J, Carrillo D, Kendra PE (2017) Presence and prevalence of Raffaelea lauricola, cause of laurel wilt, in different species of ambrosia beetle in Florida, USA. Journal of Economic Entomology 110(2), 347-354. 
------- detected in very small proportion of beetles but transmission not confirmed
Xyleborinus gracilis (XYBIGR) Potential vector
* Carrillo D, Duncan RE, Ploetz JN, Campbell AF, Ploetz RC & Peña JE (2014) Lateral transfer of a phytopathogenic symbiont among native and exotic ambrosia beetles. Plant Pathology, 63(1), 54-62.
Xyleborinus saxesenii (XYLBSA) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
 
Xyleborus affinis (XYLBAF) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
Xyleborus bispinatus (XYLBBI) Potential vector
* Menocal O, Cruz LF, Kendra PE, Berto M & Carillo D (2023) Flexibility in the ambrosia symbiosis of Xyleborus bispinatus. Frontiers in Microbiology 14, 1110474. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018145/
Xyleborus ferrugineus (XYLBFE) Potential vector
* Ploetz RC, Hughes MA, Kendra PE, Fraedrich SW, Carrillo D, Stelinski LL, Hulcr J, Mayfield AE, Dreaden TL, Crane JH, Evans EA, Schaffer BA, Rollins JA (2016) Recovery plan for laurel wilt of avocado, caused by Raffaelea lauricola. Plant Health Progress 18, 51-77.
Xyleborus volvulus (XYLBTO) Potential vector
* Cruz LF, Menocal O, Kendra PE, Carrillo D (2021) Phoretic and internal transport of Raffaelea lauricola by different species of ambrosia beetle associated with avocado trees. Symbiosis 84, 151–161. 
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (XYLBCR) Potential vector
* Knutsen MC, Rieske LK (2023) Presence of the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in sassafras-associated insects. Environmental Entomology 52(6), 1042-1047.
Xyleborus glabratus (XYLBGR) Known vector
* Harrington TC, Yun HY, Lu SS, Goto H, Aghayeva DN, Fraedrich SW (2011) Isolations from the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus, confirm that the laurel wilt pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola, originated in Asia. Mycologia 103, 1028-1036.

* Menard RD, Clarke SR, Fraedrich SW, Harrington TC (2016) First report of laurel wilt, caused by Raffaelea lauricola, on redbay (Persea borbonia) in Texas. Plant Disease 100(7), 1502.