* Zhao P, Qi XH, Crous PW, Duan WJ, Cai L (2020) Gymnosporangium species on Malus: species delineation, diversity and host alternation. Persoonia 45(1), 68-100.
------- Telial host.
* Lambdin PL & Watson JK (1980) New collection records for scale insects of Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science 55, 77–81.
* Liu T (1987) Biosystematics of the genus Chionaspis (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) of North America, with emphasis on polymorphism. Masters Theses. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 305 p.;
* Liu T, Kosztarab MP & Rhoades M (1989) I. Biosystematics of the adult females of the genus Chionaspis (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) of North America, with emphasis on polymorphism. Studies on the Morphology and Systematics of Scale Insects -- No. 15 (Contribution No. 2 to a National Biological Survey). VAES Bulletin 88-2. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Blacksburg, VA.
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 615 pp.
------- Adult host.
* Eskalen A, Stouthamer R, Lynch SC, Rugman-Jones PF, Twizeyimana M, Gonzalez A, Thibault T (2013) Host range of Fusarium dieback and its ambrosia beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) vector in southern California. Plant Disease 97(7), 938-951.
* Mendel Z, Lynch SC, Eskalen A, Protasov A, Maymon M, Freeman S (2021) What determines host range and reproductive performance of an invasive ambrosia beetle Euwallacea fornicatus; lessons from Israel and California. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 4, 654702.
------- Non reproductive host tree in California (US).
* Filip GM, Morrison DJ (1998) North America, pp 405-128. In Woodward S, Stenlid J, Karjalainen R, Hütterman A. 1998. Heterobasidion annosum. Biology, ecology, impact and control. 589 pp. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
* Heppner JB (2003) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Volume 17 of Arthropods of Florida and neighboring land areas. Division of Plant Industry. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Gainesville, Florida. 670 pp
* Robinson GS, Ackery PR, Kitching IJ, Beccaloni GW & Hernández LM (2010) HOST - A database of the world's Lepidopteran hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. https://www.nhm.ac.uk (Accessed on 7 December 2020 and 21 March 2021)
* Brito R, Specht A, Gonçalves GL, Moreira GRP, Carneiro E, Santos FL, Roque-Specht VF, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM (2019) Spodoptera marima: a new synonym of Spodoptera ornithogalli (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with notes on adult morphology, host plant use and genetic variation along its geographic range. Neotropical Entomology 48(3), 433-448.
* Heppner JB (2007) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Gainesville, Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, p 670.
