EPPO Global Database

Ficus carica(FIUCA)

Pests

Organism Type
Meloidogyne enterolobii (MELGMY) Experimental
* Freitas VM, Correa VR, Carneiro MDG, Silva JG, Gomes CB, Mattos JK, Somavilla L & Carneiro RMDG (2014) Host status of fruit plants to Meloidogyne enterolobii. Journal of Nematology 46(2), 165. (abstract)
------- greenhouse stud

* Freitas VM, Silva JGP, Gomes CB, Castro JMC, Correa VR (2017) Host status of selected cultivated fruit crops to Meloidogyne enterolobii. European Journal of Plant Pathology 148, 307-319.
------- greehouse study
Aleurocanthus spiniferus (ALECSN) Host
* Cioffi M, Cornara D, Corrado I, Jansen MGM & Porcelli F (2013) The status of Aleurocanthus spiniferus from its unwanted introduction in Italy to date. Bulletin of Insectology 66, 273-281.
Aleuroclava aucubae (TETLAU) Host
* Gabrilov-Zimin IA, Borisov BA (2020) Aleuroclava aucubae (Homoptera: Aleyrodinea), a new adventive species for Russian Black Sea Coast, and its concomitant entomoparasitic fungus Conoideocrella luteorostrata (Ascomycota: Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae).  Zoosistematica rossica 29(1), 3-10.
Anastrepha fraterculus (ANSTFR) Host
* Garcia FRM, Norrbom AL (2011) Tephritoid flies (Diptera, Tephritoidea) and their plant hosts from the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil. Florida Entomologist 94, 151–157.

* Nasca AJ, Zamora JA, Vergara LE, Jaldo HE (1996) Hospederos de moscas de los frutos en el Valle de Antinaco-Los Colorados, Provincia de La Rioja, República Argentina. Revista de Investigación 10, 19–24.

* Putruele MTG (1996) Hosts for Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus in the northeastern Province of Entre Ríos, Argentina. In Fruit Fly Pests: A World Assessment of Their Biology and Management, BA McPheron & GJ Steck (Eds.), pp. 343–345. St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach, FL.

* Rust EW (1918) Anastrepha fraterculus Wied. (Trypetidae)—A severe menace to the southern United States. Journal of Economic Entomology 11, 457–467. 

* Wille TJE (1952) Entomología Agrícola del Perú. Dirección General de Agricultura, Lima, 543 pp.
Anastrepha suspensa (ANSTSU) Host
* Anonymous (1968) [Host records for Tephritidae]. United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative Economic Insect Report, 18, 54, 153, 260, 365, 452, 926, 950.

* Swanson RW, Baranowski RM (1972) Host range and infestation by the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Diptera: Tephritidae), in south Florida. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society, 271-273.
Anoplophora chinensis (ANOLCN) Host
* Lim J, Jung S-Y, Lim J-S, Jang J, Kim K-M, Lee Y-M, Lee B-W (2014) A review of host plants of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) with new host records for fourteen Cerambycids, including the Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky), in Korea. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology 53(2), 111-133.

* Sjöman H, Östberg J & Nilsson J (2014) Review of host trees for the wood-boring pests Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis: an urban forest perspective. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 40(3), 143–164.
Anoplophora chinensis (as Ficus) (ANOLCN) Host
* Sjöman H, Östberg J & Nilsson J (2014) Review of host trees for the wood-boring pests Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis: an urban forest perspective. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 40(3), 143–164.
Aonidiella citrina (as Ficus) (AONDCI) Host
Aphis citricidus (TOXOCI) Host
* Michaud JP (1998) A review of the literature on Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Florida Entomologist 81(1), 37-61.
Apriona cinerea (APRICI) Host
* Singh P, Prasad G (1985) Poplar stem borer, Apriona cinerea Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) its biology, ecology and control. Indian
Forester 111(7), 517-524.
Apriona cinerea (as Ficus) (APRICI) Host
* Singh AP, Bhandari RS, Verma TD (2004) Important insect pests of poplars in agroforestry and strategies for their management in northwestern India. Agroforestry Systems 63, 15–26.

* Singh P, Prasad G (1985) Poplar stem borer, Apriona cinerea Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) its biology, ecology and control. Indian
Forester 111(7), 517-524.
Apriona rugicollis (APRIJA) Host
Bactrocera dorsalis (DACUDO) Host
* Huang Y (2006) Monitoring of fruit fly species and preliminary investigation of host plant in Fujian Province. Subtropical Agriculture Research 2(1), 49-52.
Bactrocera tryoni (DACUTR) Host
* Hancock D, Hamacek EL, Lloyd AC, Elson-Harris MM (2000) The distribution and host plants of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Australia. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, 75 pp.
Bactrocera zonata (DACUZO) Host
* Saafan MH, Foda SM, Mohammed AA (2006) Ecological studies on fruit flies on different hosts at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research 84(2), 323-336.
'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' (PHYPSO) Host
* Alsaheli Z, Contaldo N, Mehle N, Dermastia M, Elbeaino T, Bertaccini A (2019) First detection of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' ‐ and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani'‐related strains in fig trees. Journal of Phytopathology 168(1), 63-71.
Ceratitis capitata (CERTCA) Host
* De Meyer M., Copeland RS, Lux SA, Mansell M, Quilici S, Wharton R, White IM, Zenz NJ (2002) Annotated check list of host plants for Afrotropical fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of the genus Ceratitis. Zoologische Documentatie Koninklijk Museum voor Midden Afrika 27, 1-91.
Ceratitis quilicii (CERTQI) Host
* INTERNET
True Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of the Afrotropical Region. Ceratitis quilicii. Specimens. http://projects.bebif.be/fruitfly/taxoninfo.html?id=434
------- Confirmed host.
Ceratitis rosa (CERTRO) Host
Ceroplastes ceriferus (CERPCE) Host
Ceroplastes ceriferus (as Ficus) (CERPCE) Host
Ceroplastes floridensis (as Ficus) (CERPFL) Host
Chrysobothris mali (CHRBMA) Host
* Burke HE (1929) The Pacific Flathead Borer. Technical Bulletin - United States Department of Agriculture, Washington D.C., (83).

* EPPO (2021) EPPO Technical Document No. 1083. Pest risk analysis for Chrysobothris femorata and C. mali. EPPO, Paris. Available at https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CHRBMA/documents
------- confirmed true host of Chrysobothis mali
Colletotrichum fructicola (COLLFC) Host
* EFSA PLH Panel (EFSA Panel on Plant Health), Bragard C, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jacques M-A, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas-Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Thulke H-H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappala L,  Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Campese C, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL (2021) Scientific Opinion on the pest categorisation of Colletotrichum fructicola. EFSA Journal 19(8), 6803, 41 pp

* Nur-Shakirah AO, Khadijah MS, Kee YJ, Chew BL, Zakaria L, Nor NM, Subramaniam S, Leong YH, Mohd MH (2023) Colletotrichum species associated with fig (Ficus carica L.) in Malaysia. Crop Protection 169, 106256.
Diaphorina citri (DIAACI) Host
* Thomas DB, De León JH (2011) Is the old world fig, Ficus carica L.(Moraceae), an alternative host for the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama)(Homoptera: Psyllidae)? Florida Entomologist, 94(4), 1081-1083.
------- confirmed host
Drosophila suzukii (DROSSU) Host
* Yu D, Zalom FG, Hamby KA (2013) Host status and fruit odor response of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to figs and mulberries. Journal of Economic Entomology 106(4), 1932-1537.
Eotetranychus lewisi (EOTELE) Host
* Beyzavi G, Ueckermann EA, Faraji F, Ostovan H (2013) A catalog of Iranian prostigmatic mites of superfamilies Raphignathoidea & Tetranychoidea (Acari). Persian Journal of Acarology, 2: 389-474.

* Tuttle DM, Baker EW, Abbatiello M (1976) Spider mites of Mexico (Acarina : Tetranychidae). International Journal of Acarology, 2: 1-102.
Erthesina fullo (ERTNFU) Host
* Mi Q, Zhang J, Gould E, Chen J, Sun Z, Zhang F (2020) Biology, ecology, and management of Erthesina fullo (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): A review. Insects 11, 346. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060346
Eutetranychus orientalis (as Ficus) (EUTEOR) Host
Euwallacea fornicatus sensu lato (XYLBFO) Host
* University of California. Invasive shot hole borers. ISHB reproductive hosts. https://ucanr.edu/sites/pshb/pest-overview/ishb-reproductive-hosts/ (last accessed 2021-03)
-------- Reproductive host (infection usually causes branch dieback)

* van Rooyen E, Paap T, de Beer W, Townsend G, Fell S, Nel WJ, Morgan S, Hill M, Gonzalez A, Roets F (2021) The polyphagous shot hole borer beetle: Current status of a perfect invader in South Africa. South African Journal of Science 117(11/12). https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/9736
------- As Euwallacea fornicatus sensu stricto. Non-reproductive host in South Africa.
Euwallacea fornicatus sensu stricto (EUWAWH) Host
* Mendel Z, Lynch SC, Eskalen A, Protasov A, Maymon M, Freeman S (2021) What determines host range and reproductive performance of an invasive ambrosia beetle Euwallacea fornicatus; lessons from Israel and California. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 4, 654702.
------- Reproductive host tree in California (US).

* van Rooyen E, Paap T, de Beer W, Townsend G, Fell S, Nel WJ, Morgan S, Hill M, Gonzalez A, Roets F (2021) The polyphagous shot hole borer beetle: Current status of a perfect invader in South Africa. South African Journal of Science 117(11/12). https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/9736
------- Non-reproductive host.
Euwallacea kuroshio (as Ficus) (EUWAKU) Host
* Smith SM, Gomez DF, Beaver RA, Hulcr J, Cognato AI (2019) Reassessment of the species in the Euwallacea fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) complex after the rediscovery of the ‘lost’ type specimen. Insects 10, 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10090261
Fiorinia phantasma (as Ficus) (FIORCO) Host
Hop stunt viroid (HSVD00) Host
* Elbeaino T, Abou Kubaa R, Ismaeil F, Mando J, Digiaro M (2012) Viruses and Hop stunt viroid of fig trees in Syria. Journal of Plant Pathology 94(3), 687-691.
Lopholeucaspis japonica (LOPLJA) Host
* Moghaddam M (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. Zookeys 334, 1-92.

* Moghaddam M, Faghih H (2017) Scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha) of Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), with a new record from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 36(4), pp. 307-310.
Lycorma delicatula (LYCMDE) Host
* Barringer L, Ciafré CM (2020) Worldwide feeding host plants of spotted lanternfly, with significant additions from North America. Environmental Entomology 49(5), 999–1011.
Maconellicoccus hirsutus (PHENHI) Host
* Chang LWH, Miller CE (1996) Pathway Risk Assessment: Pink mealybug from the Caribbean. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture 61 pp.
Megaplatypus mutatus (PLTPMU) Host
* Griffo R, Pesapane G, Funes H, Gonzalez-Audino P, Germinara GS (2012) Diffusione e controllo di platipo in Campania. L'informatore Agrario no. 31, 66-68.
Meloidogyne mali (MELGMA) Host
Oemona hirta (OEMOHI) Host
* Dye MH (1950) Studies on the Anatomy and Biology of Oemona hirta Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Unpublished M.Sc thesis. Auckland University College (2 volumes).
Oligonychus mangiferus (OLIGMA) Host
* Bolland HR, Gutierrez J, Flechtmann CH (1988) World catalogue of the spider mite family (Acari: Tetranychidae). Brill, 392 pp.
Opogona sacchari (as Ficus) (OPOGSC) Host
* van der Gaag DJ, van der Straten M, Ramel JM, Baufeld P , Schrader G (2013) Pest Risk Analysis for Opogona sacchari. Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority. 48 pp. Available at https://pra.eppo.int/pra/2823b66f-ce73-48eb-8272-082124412092.
------- intercepted in consignments of plants for planting.
Orgyia leucostigma (HEMELE) Host
* Heppner JB (2003) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Volume 17 of Arthropods of Florida and neighboring land areas. Division of Plant Industry. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Gainesville, Florida. 670 pp

* Robinson GS, Ackery PR, Kitching IJ, Beccaloni GW & Hernández LM (2010) HOST - A database of the world's Lepidopteran hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. https://www.nhm.ac.uk (Accessed on 7 December 2020 and 21 March 2021)
Parabemisia myricae (PRABMY) Host
Parasaissetia nigra (as Ficus) (SAISNI) Host
Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (PHMPOM) Host
* Anonymous (1960) Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. Agriculture Handbook no 165, USDA-ARS (US) 531 pp.
Phytophthora cinnamomi (PHYTCN) Host
* Türkölmez Ş, Derviş S, Çiftçi O, Ulubaş Serçe Ç (2018) First report of Phytophthora cinnamomi causing root and crown rot of Ficus carica in Turkey. Plant Disease 103(4), p 776.
Pochazia shantungensis (POCZSH) Host
* Stroiński A, Balderi M, Marraccini D, Mazza G (2022) First records of Pochazia shantungensis (Chou & Lu, 1977) (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae) in Italy. Zootaxa 5188 (3), 275–282, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.3.4
Pseudococcus comstocki (PSECCO) Host
Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (RALSPS) Host
* Jiang Y, Li B, Liao F, Weng Q, Chen Q (2016) First report of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum on fig trees in China. Forest Pathology 46, 256–258. DOI: 10.1111/efp.12267
------- Phylotype I, sequevar unassigned.
Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RALSSO) Host
* Jiang Y, Li B, Liao F, Weng Q, Chen Q (2016) First report of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum on fig trees in China. Forest Pathology 46, 256–258. DOI: 10.1111/efp.12267
------- biovar 3.
Ripersiella hibisci (as Ficus) (RHIOHI) Host
Rotylenchus buxophilus (HELYBU) Host
Spodoptera frugiperda (LAPHFR) Host
* Montezano DG, Specht A, Sosa-Gómez DR, Roque-Specht VF, Sousa-Silva JC, Paula-Moraes SV, Peterson JA, Hunt T (2018) Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology 26, 286-300.
Tomato chlorosis virus (TOCV00) Host
* Mamoun Abdel-Salam AM, Rezk AA, Dawoud RA (2019) Biochemical, serological, molecular and natural host studies on Tomato chlorosis virus in Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 22, 83-94. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2019.83.124
Xylella fastidiosa (XYLEFA) Host
* Commission database of host plants found to be susceptible to Xylella fastidiosa in the Union Territory (update 12 of 2019-04-11).
------- As X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex.
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex (XYLEFM) Host
* Commission database of host plants found to be susceptible to Xylella fastidiosa in the Union Territory (update 12 of 2019-04-11).
Xylosandrus compactus (XYLSCO) Host
* Chong JH, Reid L & Williamson M (2009) Distribution, host plants, and damage of the black twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), in South Carolina. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 26, 199–208.
Zaprionus tuberculatus (as Ficus) (ZAPRTU) Host
Apriona germari (APRIGE) Major host
* Lim J, Jung S-Y, Lim J-S, Jang J, Kim K-M, Lee Y-M, Lee B-W (2014) A review of host plants of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) with new host records for fourteen Cerambycids, including the Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky), in Korea. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology 53(2), 111-133.
Batocera rubus (BATCRB) Major host
Ceratocystis ficicola (CERAFC) Major host
* Kajitani Y, Masuya H (2011) Ceratocystis ficicola sp. nov., a causal fungus of fig canker in Japan. Mycoscience 52, 349–353.
Greenidea ficicola (GREEFI) Major host
Psacothea hilaris (PSACHI) Major host
* Lim J, Jung S-Y, Lim J-S, Jang J, Kim K-M, Lee Y-M, Lee B-W (2014) A review of host plants of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) with new host records for fourteen Cerambycids, including the Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky), in Korea. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology 53(2), 111-133.

* Lupi D, Jucker C, Colombo M (2013) Distribution and biology of the yellow-spotted longicorn beetle Psacothea hilaris hilaris (Pascoe) in Italy. EPPO Bulletin, 43, 316–322.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. fici (XANTFI) Major host
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (XYLBCR) Major host
Zaprionus indianus (ZAPRIN) Major host