EPPO Global Database

Ilex aquifolium(ILEAQ)

Pests

Organism Type
Anoplophora chinensis (as Ilex) (ANOLCN) Host
* Sjöman H, Östberg J & Nilsson J (2014) Review of host trees for the wood-boring pests Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis: an urban forest perspective. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 40(3), 143–164.
Cacoecimorpha pronubana (TORTPR) Host
* Retuerto R, Fernández-Lema B, Obeso JR (2006) Changes in photochemical efficiency in response to herbivory and experimental defoliation in the dioecious tree Ilex aquifolium. International Journal of Plant Sciences 167(2), 279-289.
Ceroplastes ceriferus (CERPCE) Host
* Pencheva A, Yovkova M (2016) Review of Ceroplastes Gray 1828 in Bulgaria with first report of C. cirripediformis Comstock 1881. Silva Balcanica 17(2), 37-44.

* Penchevа A, Yovkova M (2016) New data on alien insect pests of ornamental plants in Bulgaria. Forestry ideas, 22, 17-33.
Ceroplastes japonicus (CERPJA) Host
* Pencheva A, Yovkova M (2016) Review of Ceroplastes Gray 1828 in Bulgaria with first report of C. cirripediformis Comstock 1881. Silva Balcanica 17(2), 37-44.

* Penchevа A, Yovkova M (2016) New data on alien insect pests of ornamental plants in Bulgaria. Forestry ideas, 22, 17-33.
Diabrotica virgifera zeae (as Ilex) (DIABVZ) Host
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 615 pp.
------- Adult host.
Euwallacea fornicatus sensu lato (XYLBFO) Host
* Eskalen A, Stouthamer R, Lynch SC, Rugman-Jones PF, Twizeyimana M, Gonzalez A, Thibault T (2013) Host range of Fusarium dieback and its ambrosia beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) vector in southern California. Plant Disease 97(7), 938-951.
Euwallacea fornicatus sensu stricto (EUWAWH) Host
* Mendel Z, Lynch SC, Eskalen A, Protasov A, Maymon M, Freeman S (2021) What determines host range and reproductive performance of an invasive ambrosia beetle Euwallacea fornicatus; lessons from Israel and California. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 4, 654702.
------- Non reproductive host tree in California (US).
Homalodisca vitripennis (as Ilex) (HOMLTR) Host
* Hoddle MS, Triapitsyn SV, Morgan DJW (2003) Distribution and plant association records for Homalodisca coagulata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Florida. Florida Entomologist 86(1), 89-91.

* Turner WF, Pollard HN (1959) Life histories and behavior of five insect vectors of phony peach disease. United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1188, 28 pp.
-------- Feeding host.
Phytophthora kernoviae (PHYTKE) Host
* EPPO (2013) Pest risk management for Phytophthora kernoviae and Phytophthora ramorum. EPPO, Paris. Available at https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/PHYTKE/documents
Phytophthora ramorum (PHYTRA) Host
* USDA (2010) Phytophthora ramorum Werres, de Cock & Man in’t Veld. Pest Risk Assessment for Oregon.  https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58740d57579fb3b4fa5ce66f/t/599dec4b2994ca3914cdde86/1503521868110/Pram_PRA_OR_11192010.pdf
Trichoferus campestris (as Ilex) (HESOCA) Host
* Iwata R & Yamada F (1990) Notes on the biology of Hesperophanes campestris, a drywood borer in Japan. Material und Organismen 25, 305–313.
Xylella fastidiosa (XYLEFA) Host
* EFSA (2020) Scientific report on the update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2019. EFSA Journal 18(4), 6114, 61 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6133
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex (XYLEFM) Host
* EFSA (2020) Scientific report on the update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2019. EFSA Journal 18(4), 6114, 61 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6133