EPPO Global Database

Geranium carolinianum(GERCA)

Pests

Organism Type
Cacyreus marshalli (as Geranium) (CACYMA) Host
Chloridea virescens (HELIVI) Host
* Blanco CA, Terán-Vargas AP, Abel CA, Portilla M, Rojas MG, Morales-Ramos J, Snodgrass GL (2008) Plant Host Effect on the Development of Heliothis virescens F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental Entomology 37(6), 1538-1547.

* Kogan M, Helm CG, Kogan J, Brewer E (1989) Distribution and economic importance of Heliothis virescens and Heliothis zea in North, Central, and South America and of their Natural Enemies and Host Plants. pp 241-297 In Proceedings of the Workshop on Biological Control of Heliothis: Increasing the effectiveness of natural enemies. USDA.

* Pair SD (1994) Japanese Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae): Newly Discovered Host of Heliothis virescens and Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental Entomology 23(4) 906-911.

* EPPO (2024) EPPO Technical Document No. 1091. Pest risk analysis for Chloridea virescens. EPPO, Paris. Available at https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HELIVI/documents
------- Main host (evidence that the plant supports populations of the pest in several generations or years, i.e. true hosts, or plant mentioned as common or preferred host – see PRA for further details on the host)
Orthotospovirus impatiensnecromaculae (INSV00) Host
* Martinez-Ochoa N, Csinos AS, Webster TM, Bertrand P (2003) Occurrence of mixed infections of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) in weeds around tobacco fields in Georgia. Phytopathology 93, S58.
Orthotospovirus iridimaculaflavi (IYSV00) Host
Orthotospovirus tomatomaculae (TSWV00) Host
* Parrella G, Gognalons P, Gebre-Selassie K, Vovlas C, Marchoux G (2003) An update of the host range of tomato spotted wilt virus. Journal of Plant Pathology 85(4), 227-264.
------- Confirmed host.
Phenacoccus miruku (PHENMK) Host
* Powell EC, Deeter LA, Moore MR, Ahmed MZ & Miller DR (2024) Taxonomy, hosts, and distribution of an emerging invasive mealybug, Phenacoccus miruku (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), in Florida. Florida Entomologist 107(s1), 20240024. https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0024
Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (PHMPOM) Host
* Anonymous (1960) Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. Agriculture Handbook no 165, USDA-ARS (US) 531 pp.
Spodoptera ornithogalli (as Geranium) (PRODOR) Host
* Brito R, Specht A, Gonçalves GL, Moreira GRP, Carneiro E, Santos FL, Roque-Specht VF, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM (2019) Spodoptera marima: a new synonym of Spodoptera ornithogalli (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with notes on adult morphology, host plant use and genetic variation along its geographic range. Neotropical Entomology 48(3), 433-448.

* Comstock JA (1965) Ciclo biologico de Prodenia ornithogalli Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoologia 36, 199-202.

* Heppner JB (2007) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Gainesville, Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, p 670.
Oxycarenus lavaterae (as Geranium) (OXYALV) Major host