Phyllosticta citricarpa(GUIGCI)
Distribution details in South Africa
Current pest situation evaluated by EPPO on the basis of information dated
2015: Present, restricted distribution
First recorded in: 1929
From CABI Disease map 053 (2012): Present, restricted distribution
First recorded in: 1929
From CABI Disease map 053 (2012): Present, restricted distribution
Citrus black spot was first observed in 1929 in citrus orchards near Pietermaritzburg (KwaZulu-Natal). In 1945, the disease was found in Limpopo province and in 1946 in Mpumalanga and North West provinces. In 2014, the disease was reported in the following provinces: Eastern Cape, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and North West. The provinces of Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State are considered to be free of the disease.
* Carstens E, Le Roux H, Holtzhausen M, Van Rooyen L, Coetzee J, Wentzel R, Laubscher W, Dawood Z, Venter E, Schutte G, Fourie P, Hattingh V (2012) Citrus black spot is absent in the Western Cape, Northern Cape and Free State Provinces. South African Journal of Science, 108, 6 pp.
* Halueendo KLME (2008) Impact assessment of citrus black spot Guignardia citricarpa Kiely in Southern Africa and an alternative approach in management strategies. Thesis, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
------- http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11192008-091812/unrestricted/dissertation.pdf.
* Kotze, J. M. (1971) Citrus and Sub-tropical Fruit Journal No. 452, p.19.
* Kotze, J. M. (1981) Plant Disease 65 (12), 945-950.
* Martinez-Minaya J, Conesa D, Lopez-Quilez A, Vicent A (2015) Climatic distribution of citrus black spot caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa. A historical analysis of the disease spread in South Africa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 143(1), 69-83.
* Paul I, Jaarsveld AS van, Korsten L, Hattingh V (2005) The potential global geographical distribution of citrus black spot caused by Guignardia citricarpa (Kiely): likelihood of disease establishment in the European Union. Crop Protection 24(4), 297-308.
------- Limpopo, North-West Province, Mapumalanga, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape.
* Possiede, Y. M.; Gabardo, J.; Kava-Cordeiro, V.; Galli-Terasawa, L. V.; Azevedo, J. L.; Glienke, C. (2009) Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 40 (2), 308-313.
* Truter, M.; Labuschagne, P. M.; Kotze, J. M.; Meyer, L.; Korsten, L. (2007) Australasian Plant Pathology 36 (1), 87-93.
* Halueendo KLME (2008) Impact assessment of citrus black spot Guignardia citricarpa Kiely in Southern Africa and an alternative approach in management strategies. Thesis, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
------- http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11192008-091812/unrestricted/dissertation.pdf.
* Kotze, J. M. (1971) Citrus and Sub-tropical Fruit Journal No. 452, p.19.
* Kotze, J. M. (1981) Plant Disease 65 (12), 945-950.
* Martinez-Minaya J, Conesa D, Lopez-Quilez A, Vicent A (2015) Climatic distribution of citrus black spot caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa. A historical analysis of the disease spread in South Africa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 143(1), 69-83.
* Paul I, Jaarsveld AS van, Korsten L, Hattingh V (2005) The potential global geographical distribution of citrus black spot caused by Guignardia citricarpa (Kiely): likelihood of disease establishment in the European Union. Crop Protection 24(4), 297-308.
------- Limpopo, North-West Province, Mapumalanga, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape.
* Possiede, Y. M.; Gabardo, J.; Kava-Cordeiro, V.; Galli-Terasawa, L. V.; Azevedo, J. L.; Glienke, C. (2009) Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 40 (2), 308-313.
* Truter, M.; Labuschagne, P. M.; Kotze, J. M.; Meyer, L.; Korsten, L. (2007) Australasian Plant Pathology 36 (1), 87-93.