EPPO Global Database

EPPO Reporting Service no. 01 - 2025 Num. article: 2025/026

Prioritizing management of invasive alien plant species


Prioritization of invasive alien plants can help focus resources on those species which can have the most impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Using Italy as a case study, a new approach to prioritizing invasive alien plants for management has been developed. Through expert consultation invasive non-native plant species were selected based on (1) species not included on the (EU) List of Union concern or the EPPO Lists of alien plants, (2) species with recognised or potential invasive behaviour. Resultant species were then modelled for their potential distribution based on current and future climatic scenarios. Further, a combination of Non-metric MultiDimensional Scaling (NMDS) and cluster analysis was conducted to discriminate between biogeographical regions in Italy and to produce groups of species according to management actions. Finally, the species were evaluated for management, based on the feasibility of eradication, control and containment, and monitoring. For each management action a high or low priority was given. In total, 34 invasive alien plants were identified and seven were selected for eradication action, six for monitoring action, while the remaining species were deemed suitable for control and containment.


Table 1. Thirty-four invasive alien plants identified for prioritization of management in Italy. 

Species

Family

Management type

Priority

Amaranthus emarginatus

Amaranthaceae

Eradication

Low

Bidens vulgata

Asteraceae

Eradication

Low

Sida rhombifolia

Malvaceae

Eradication

Low

Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata

Fabaceae

Eradication

High

Nelumbo nucifera

Nelumbonaceae

Eradication

High

Phyllostachys aurea

Poaceae

Eradication

High

Paraserianthes lophantha subsp. lophantha

Fabaceae

Eradication

High

Acer negundo

Sapindaceae

Control and containment

Low

Agave americana

Asparagaceae

Control and containment

Low

Artemisia annua

Asteraceae

Control and containment

Low

Austrocylindropuntia subulata

Cactaceae

Control and containment

Low

Chasmanthe floribunda

Iridaceae

Control and containment

Low

Cyperus eragrostis

Cyperaceae

Control and containment

Low

Dactyloctenium aegyptium

Poaceae

Control and containment

Low

Gomphocarpus fruticosa

Apocynaceae

Control and containment

Low

Opuntia stricta

Cactaceae

Control and containment

Low

Vachellia karroo

Fabaceae

Control and containment

Low

Ambrosia psilostachya

Asteraceae

Control and containment

High

Anredera cordifolia 

Basellaceae

Control and containment

High

Cenchrus longisetus

Poaceae

Control and containment

High

Cyperus alternifolius subsp. flabelliformis

Cyperaceae

Control and containment

High

Melia azedarach

Meliaceae

Control and containment

High

Mirabilis jalapa

Nyctaginaceae

Control and containment

High

Parkinsonia aculeata

Fabaceae

Control and containment

High

Salpichroa origanifolia

Solanaceae

Control and containment

High

Senecio angulatus

Asteraceae

Control and containment

High

Yucca gloriosa

Asparagaceae

Control and containment

High

Zantedeschia aethiopica

Araceae

Control and containment

High

Robinia pseudoacacia

Fabaceae

Monitoring 

Low

Sorghum halepense

Poaceae

Monitoring 

Low

Washingtonia filifera

Arecaceae

Monitoring 

Low

Amaranthus retroflexus

Amaranthaceae

Monitoring 

High

Arundo donax

Poaceae

Monitoring 

High

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Pinaceae

Monitoring 

High



Sources

Lozano V, Marzialetti F, Acosta ATR, Arduini I, Bacchetta G, Domina G, Laface VLA, Lazzeri V, Montagnani C, Musarella CM, Nicolella G, Podda L, Spampinato G, Tavilla G, Brundu G (2024) Prioritizing management actions for invasive non-native plants through expert-based knowledge and species distribution models. Ecological Indicators 166, 112279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112279