Naturalized alien flora of Uzbekistan
An up-to-date checklist of the naturalized flora of Uzbekistan has recently been published. Data were collected from a number of sources including the Flora of Uzbekistan, and from the Invasive Species Specialist Group of Uzbekistan. The list includes 252 species, of which 44 are invasive (Table 1), 177 naturalized (established) non-invasive, and 31 casual (transient) alien species. In total 49 plant families are represented, including a large proportion of Asteraceae (21 %). The majority of species (> 80 %) were associated with agricultural habitats.
Table 1. List of species reported as invasive in Uzbekistan
Species | Family | Life-form | Origin |
Acalypha australis | Euphorbiaceae | Annual | Asia |
Acer negundo | Sapindaceae | Tree | North America |
Ailanthus altissima* | Simaroubaceae | Tree | Asia |
Amaranthus albus | Amaryllidaceae | Annual | North America |
Amaranthus retroflexus | Amaryllidaceae | Annual | North America |
Ambrosia artemisiifolia* | Asteraceae | Annual | North America |
Anthriscus caucalis | Apiaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe, South America |
Artemisia annua | Asteraceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Azolla filiculoides** | Salviniaceae | Annual | Americas |
Berberis japonica | Berberidaceae | Shrub | Asia |
Bidens frondosa** | Asteraceae | Annual | North America |
Broussonetia papyrifera** | Moraceae | Tree | Asia |
Bryonia dioica | Cucurbitaceae | Perennial | Africa, Asia |
Cardamine hirsuta | Brassicaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Carduus acanthoides | Asteraceae | Biennial | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Conium maculatum | Apiaceae | Annual-biennial | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Cuscuta campestris | Convolvulaceae | Annual | Americas |
Cuscuta epilinum | Convolvulaceae | Annual | Asia |
Cynodon dactylon | Poaceae | Perennial | Africa, Australia, Asia, Europe |
Datura stramonium | Solanaceae | Annual | Americas |
Echinochloa crus-galli | Poaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Echinochloa oryzoides | Poaceae | Annual | Asia |
Erigeron canadensis | Asteraceae | Annual | Americas |
Erigeron sumatrensis* | Asteraceae | Annual | Americas |
Euclidium syriacum | Brassicaceae | Annual | Asia, Europe |
Euphorbia davidii* | Euphorbiaceae | Annual | Americas |
Malcolmia africana | Brassicaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Oxalis corniculata | Oxalidaceae | Annual-perennial | Americas |
Portulaca oleracea | Portulacaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Prosopis farcta | Fabaceae | Shrub | Africa, Asia |
Ranunculus arvensis | Ranunculaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Robinia pseudoacacia | Fabaceae | Tree | North America |
Rorippa sylvestris | Brassicaceae | Perennial | Asia, Europe |
Setaria italica | Poaceae | Annual | Asia |
Setaria verticillata | Poaceae | Annual | Africa, Australia, Asia, Europe |
Silybum marianum | Asteraceae | Annual-biennial | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Sonchus arvensis | Asteraceae | Perennial | Asia, Europe |
Sorghum halepense | Poaceae | Perennial | Africa, Asia |
Tragopogon graminifolius | Asteraceae | Perennial | Asia, Europe |
Tribulus terrestris | Zygophyllaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Vaccaria hispanica | Caryophyllaceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
Xanthium orientale | Asteraceae | Annual | Americas, Asia |
Xanthium spinosum | Asteraceae | Annual | Americas |
Xanthium strumarium | Asteraceae | Annual | Africa, Asia, Europe |
* = species listed on the EPPO List of Invasive Alien Plants; ** species listed on the EPPO Observation List.
Sources
Makhkamov T, Kortz A, Hejda M, Brundu G, Pyšek P (2024) Naturalized alien flora of Uzbekistan: species richness, origin and habitats. Biological Invasions 26, 2819–2830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03371-w