First report of High Plains wheat mosaic virus (emaravirus tritici) in Iran
High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, now called emaravirus tritici – formerly EPPO Alert List) is reported for the first time from Iran. In 2021 and 2022, leaf samples were collected from different Poaceae plants showing chlorotic leaf streak symptoms in the Isfahan and Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiari provinces (Central Iran). Molecular tests revealed the presence of HPWMoV in single or mixed infections with wheat streak mosaic virus (Tritimovirus, WSMV) in wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), maize (Zea mays), oat (Avena sativa), millet (Panicum miliaceum) and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). This is the first time that HPWMoV is reported from Iran, and from Asia.
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EPPO note: HPWMoV was initially found in the USA on wheat and maize in the 1990s (EPPO RS 1999/134). It is transmitted by the mite Aceria tosichella. Seed transmission has been observed at a low rate in sweet maize (Zea mays subsp. saccharata - EPPO RS 2002/163). The virus was then reported from Argentina and Australia, and in 2018, it was reported for the first time in the EPPO region, in Ukraine (RS 2020/128).
Sources
Nourbakhsh F, Massah A, Soorni A, Talaee L (2023) First report of High Plains wheat mosaic virus in Iran. New Disease Reports 47, e12188. https://doi.org/10.1002/ndr2.12188