Epilobium adenocaulon and Oenothera glazioviana: two new alien species for Bulgaria
Epilobium adenocaulon (Onagraceae) and Oenothera glazioviana (Onagraceae) are both native to North America and widespread alien species throughout Europe. Both species have recently been recorded for the first time in Western Bulgaria. E. adenocaulon has been recorded as naturalized from 21 European countries where its spread and persistence is facilitated by high seed production (seeds are spread by wind). In Western Bulgaria, E. adenocaulon was recorded in at four sites; 1 km south of the central railway Station – Ivan Stambolov St., 1 site at Mt Milevska Planina and two sites in the Cherna Mesta river valley north of Cherna Mesta village. At all four sites, small populations of a few individuals were found. O. glazioviana was recorded at one location in Western Bulgaria in the foothills of Rila Mountains, along the river Rilska valley near Stob village. The invasive status of these two alien species within the EPPO region suggests that both have the potential for further spread within Bulgaria.
Sources
Kalníková V, Palpurina S (2015) Epilobium adenocaulon and Oenothera glazioviana (Onagraceae): new alien species for the Bulgarian flora. Phytologia Balcanica 21, 21-27.