EPPO Distribution list for Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri
Due to the reports to EPPO of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri (EPPO A1 quarantine pest) in Oman, Palau and Taiwan the distribution of this pathogen is as follows. Note also that earlier unconfirmed reports from Guadeloupe and Martinique are erroneous and have been deleted.
EPPO Distribution List: Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri
EPPO region: Absent
Asia: X. campestris pv. citri is indigenous to and widespread as A strains throughout Asia, occurring in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Eastern China), Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan (including Okinawa), Kampuchea, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Lao, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, Yemen.
Africa: A strains in Comoros, Congo, C“te d'Ivoire, Gabon, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique (reported to be eradicated), Réunion, Seychelles, Zaire.
North America : Mexico (D strain only; declared no longer to occur - EPPO Reporting Service 512/13), USA (introduced into Florida in 1912 and spread to Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, South Carolina and Texas ; eradicated in Florida by 1933 and from all USA by 1947 ; the A strain reappeared in Florida in 1986 and an eradication programme is currently being conducted to eliminate the disease and preclude establishment and dissemination of the pathogen).
Central America and Caribbean: Reports of the disease in Belize, Dominica, Haiti, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago are unconfirmed and without details.
South America: Argentina (A strain along the coast, B strain only in small isolated foci on lemon in the South of Entre Rios), Brazil (A and C strains, Sao Paulo - in the region of Presidente Prudente ; Paran - north-east, north and west central ; Mato grosso del Sur - east, southeast and south ; Santa Catarina), Paraguay (A, B and C strains, east and west (Chaco central)), Uruguay (A strain under eradication, Salto - on north bank of River Uruguay ; Paysandu - north ; B strain eradicated since 1985).
Oceania: Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Fiji, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Papua New Guinea. The disease was eradicated from commercial citrus areas in New Zealand and in Australia; however, outbreaks occasionally occur.
This distribution list covers the so-called A-D strains of the bacterium, but not the E (nursery) strains!
This distribution list replaces all previous published EPPO Distribution Lists on Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri!
Sources
EPPO Secretariat, Paris (1993-08)