Severe losses of citrus in Japan due to multiple virus infections
Throughout the years 1981 to 1982, severe dwarfing of spring shoots of Citrus unshiu var. praecox cv. Kusomoto Wase combined with heavy losses were observed throughout Japan. To investigate the cause of the disorder, field surveys were conducted and virological examinations carried out. It was found that cv. Kusomoto Wase tends to dwarfing when severely infected by citrus tristeza closterovirus (EPPO A2 pest). Double infections of satsuma dwarf virus and citrus tristeza closterovirus led to the severe dwarfing and, subsequently, high yield losses.
Sources
Koizumi, M.; Ieki, H.; Kano, T.; Kashiwazaki, S.; Tsuchizaki, T.; Kuhara, S.; Tanaka, A.; Yamaguchi, A. (1989) Etiological factors in dwarfing of Kusomoto Wase, an early satsuma mandarin.
Bulletin of the Fruit Tree Research Station, Series B, Okitsu, No. 16, 67-91.