New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List
By searching through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included on the EPPO Alert List. The situation of the pest concerned is indicated in bold, using the terms of ISPM no. 8.
- New records
Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO Alert List) occurs in Zambia (Manrakhan et al., 2009). Present, no details.
In Turkey, Cacoecimorpha pronubana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae – EPPO A2 List) was detected for the first time in April 2007, in an olive orchard in Seyhan near Adana, Eastern Mediterranean region. The pest was later found to be present in many other olive orchards in the Eastern Mediterranean region (Adana, Gaziantep, Hatay, Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces) (Kaçar and Ulusoy, 2008). Present, widespread in olive orchards of the Eastern Mediterranean region.
Cacyreus marshalli (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae – EPPO A2 List) has recently been found in Croatia (Kosmač and Verovnik, 2009). Present, no details.
Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Iran. It was found during a faunistic survey carried out from 2002 to 2005 on thrips of ornamental plants (Baniameri and Gilasian, 2008). Present, no details.
Liriomyza bryoniae (Diptera: Agromyzidae - EU Annexes) and L. trifolii (EPPO A2 List) occur in Vietnam. The distribution and importance of Liriomyza species on vegetable crops from 2002 to 2007 were studied, and more than 16;800 specimens of leafminer species were collected from 50 of the 62 Vietnamese provinces. Results showed that L. sativae (EPPO A2 List) occurred in all studied provinces and was the predominant species (75.2% of the specimens). L. huidobrensis (8.6%) was found in 7 provinces in the central part of the country. L. trifolii (8.4%) was found in 13 provinces also in the central part. L. bryoniae (4.0%) was found in 15 provinces mainly in areas north of Ho Chi Minh city. L. chinensis (3.0%) was found in 20 provinces across the country and mainly on onion (Allium cepa) and Chromatomyia horticola (0.8%) was found in low numbers in 9 provinces across Vietnam (Andersen et al., 2008).
In April 2005, Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was observed in a garden on 1 tree (Eucalyptus gunnii), in Lambeth (London), United Kingdom. In June 2008, the pest was also found at Hyde Hall Gardens in Essex indicating that the gall wasp is spreading in England (Badmin, 2008). Present, found in England.
In Croatia, Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae) was first identified in walnuts (Juglans regia) in 2003 and it is suspected to attack peaches (Prunus persica) (Bjeliš, 2008). Present, no details.
In Puerto Rico, Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A2 List) was detected for the first time in January 2006 on various cultivars of roses (Cabrera-Asencio and Ramírez, 2007). Present, no details.
Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A2 List) and Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A1 List) occur in Vietnam (Le Quang et al., 2008). Present, no details.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (Begomovirus – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Bangladesh where it is considered as one of the most damaging virus of tomato crops (Rashid et al., 2008). Present, no details.
- Detailed records
In Brazil, Aleurocanthus woglumi (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae – EPPO A1 List) was first reported in the city of Belem (State of Pará) in 2001. It was then found in the following Brazilian States: Maranhão in 2003, Amazonas in 2004, Amapá in 2006, Tocantins in 2007, Goias in 2007, and São Paulo in March 2008 (Pena et al., 2008; Sa et al., 2008).
Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 List) and A. serpentina are the predominant fruit fly species in mango crops in the State of Piauí, Brazil (Feitosa et al., 2008).
Bactrocera caryae and B. dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 List) are reported to be widespread in Kerala, India (David et al., 2008).
Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 List) occurs in Jiangsu, China, on a wide range of fruit and vegetable crops (Ren et al., 2008).
Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Paraíba, Brazil (Lopes et al., 2008).
Citrus tristeza virus (Closterovirus, CTV – EPPO A2 List) was detected in 2007 on calamondin pot plants (Citrofortunella macrocarpa grafted on Citrus volkameriana) cultivated in commercial glasshouses in Koropi (near Athens), Greece. CTV was detected in 11 plants in 2007 and again in mother plants in 2008. Eradication measures were taken and all citrus plants (81;560 plants in total) from the infected glasshouses were burned. Surveys were then carried out within a radius of 1.5 km around the infected glasshouses and CTV was not detected (Kalogeropoulou et al., 2009).
Gonipterus scutellatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae – EPPO A2 List) was found in Espírito Santo State, Brazil, attacking plantations of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis. This pest has been known to occur in Brazil since 1979, but was restricted to Southern Brazil and São Paulo State before being accidentally introduced in the central part of Espírito Santo State (Wilcken, 2008).
Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae – EPPO Alert List) occurs in Himachal Pradesh and Manipur, India (Anjana et al., 2008; Singh et al., 2007).
Opogona sacchari (Lepidoptera: Tineidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Zhejiang, China (Shen et al., 2008).
Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae – EPPO A1 List) occurs in Anhui and Yunnan, China (Huang et al., 2006; Yang, 2009).
In France, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae – EPPO A2 List) continues to spread. It has been reported from 8 departments: Bouches-du-Rhône, Corse, Drôme, Gard, Hérault, Pyrénées-Orientales, Var, Vaucluse (Anon., 2009).
Sources
Andersen A, Tran TTA, Nordhus E (2008) Distribution and importance of polyphagous Liriomyza species (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in vegetables in Vietnam. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 55(2), 149-164 (abst.).
Anjana P, Mehta PK, Sood AK (2007) Developmental biology of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée in mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh. Entomon 32(2), 137-141 (abst.).
Anonymous (2009) Tuta absoluta menace la tomate. Phytoma – La Défense des Végétaux, no. 622, p 3.
Badmin J (2008) Spread of Ophelimus maskelli Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in south-east England. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 21(3), 147 (abst.).
Baniameri V, Gilasian E (2008) A review of thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) fauna of ornamental plants in Iran. Bulletin OILB/SROP 32, 271 (abst.).
Bjeliš M (2008) [Fruit flies from the family Rhagoletis (Tephritidae) in Croatia]. Glasilo Biljne Zastite 8(1), 25-28 (abst.).
Cabrera-Asencio I, Ramírez A (2007) [Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): a new record for Puerto Rico]. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 91(1/2), 49-52 (abst.).
David KJ, Kumar ARV, Srinivasan R (2008) Distribution of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Kerala with special reference to the Western Ghats. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 10(2), 55-69 (abst.).
Feitosa SS, Silva PRR, Pádua LE de M, Carvalho EMS, Paz JK da S, Paiva DR de (2008) [Population dynamics of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) associated to mango varieties in the city of Jose de Freitas-Piauí-Brazil]. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 30(1), 112-117 (abst.).
Huang SJ, Xu JF, Han ZJ (2006) Baseline toxicity data of insecticides against the common cutworm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and a comparison of resistance monitoring methods. International Journal of Pest Management 52(3), 209-213 (abst.).
Kaçar G, Ulusoy MR (2008) A new pest of olive trees: Carnation tortrix, Cacoecimorpha pronubana (Hubner), 1796-1799 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi 32(3), 211-223 (abst.).
Kalogeopoulou EN, Koutretsis P, Kouerini KE, Tzortzi IK (2009) Detection of Citrus tristeza virus in calamondin pot plants in a greenhouse in Eastern Attica and measures for eradication. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 48(2), p 328.
Kosmač M, Verovnik R (2009) First record of Cacyreus marshalli (Lycaenidae) from the Balkan Peninsula. Nota lepidopterologica 32(1), 81-82 (abst.).
Le Quang Q, Nguyen TH, Tran AH, Mai VH, Nguyen TTB, Dang NB, Du'o'ng XD, Underwood E (2008) Cotton production in Vietnam. Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified organisms: challenges and opportunities with Bt cotton in Vietnam 4, 24-63 (abst.).
Lopes EB, Batista J de L, Albuquerque IC de, Brito CH de (2008) Frugivorous flies (Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae): occurrence in commercials tangerine orchards (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in Matinhas, state of Paraiba, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy 30(suppl), 639-644 (abst.).
Pena MR, Vendramim JD, Lourencao AL, da Silva NM, Yamamoto PT, Goncalves da S M (2008) Occurrence of citrus blackfly Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in the state of Sao Paulo. Revista de Agricultura (Piracicaba) 83(1), 61-65 (abst.).
Manrakhan A, Grout T, Hattingh V (2009) Combating the African invader fly Bactrocera invadens. SA Fruit Journal 8(1), 57-61 (abst.).
Rashid MH, Hossain I, Alam MS, Zaman MM, Hannan A (2008) Study on virus-vector relationship in TYLCV of tomato. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production 3(1), 1-6 (abst.).
Ren L, Qi LY, Jiang QG, Zhou SD, Dai HG (2008) Oviposition preference of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45(4), 593-597 (abst.).
Sa, LAN, Tagliari BT, Olivira MRV, Almeida GR, Rocha ABO (2008) Mosca negra dos citros Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em culturas de citros e de mangueira no Estado de São Paulo e observações de sua biologia e controle. Comunicado Tecnico no. 46, EMBRAPA, Jaguariuna, SP, Brasil, 4 pp. http://www.cnpma.embrapa.br/download/comunicado_46.pdf
Shen YL, Lao C, Feng LG (2008) [Biological characteristics and control of Opogona sacchari in Cixi City, Zhejiang Province]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College 25(3), 367-370 (abst.).
Singh KI, Athokpam S, Singh MP, Singh TR, Singh NG (2007) Effect of planting dates on incidence of the shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée and its seasonal abundance in brinjal crop at Manipur climate. Journal of Applied Zoological Researches 18(1), 15-20 (abst.).
Wilcken CF, de Oliveira NC, Sartorio RC, Loureiro EB, Bezerra Junior N, Rosado Neto GH (2008) Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) occurrence in eucalyptus plantations in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biologico (Sao Paulo) 75(1), 113-115.
Yang MJ, Zhang Y, Tao M (2009) Study on the population dynamics of pests and natural enemies of capsicum in Qiubei. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University 24(1), 150-153 (abst.).
Zeng HL, Ye PS, Ni GC, He L, Zhang Y, Yang HX, Wei SG (2009) Studies on the law of occurrence and damage of main diseases and pests in Chuanxiong field. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22(1), 99-101 (abst.).