An identification guide to the main invasive aquatic plants in the South of France
A guide to identify invasive alien plants present in aquatic ecosystems in the South of France has been published by the Agence Régionale Pour l’Environnement Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and the Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles. It presents 40 species with their detailed botanical description and illustration, their distribution in the South of France and the risk they may present. The species described are the following:
Major invasive alien species
These species are widely distributed in the South of France and will require long term management measures, and rapid actions when new outbreaks are found in the region.
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Species
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Origin
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Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) EPPO List of Invasive Alien Plants
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N-Am.
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Amorpha fruticosa (Fabaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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N-Am.
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Aster squamatus (Asteraceae)
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N-Am.
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Azolla filiculoides (Salviniaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Trop ; temp. Am.
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Baccharis halimifolia (Asteraceae) EPPO List of IAP
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N-Am.
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Bidens frondosa (Asteraceae) EPPO List of IAP
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N-Am.
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Bidens subalternans (Astercaeae)
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S-Am.
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Buddleia davidii (Buddleiaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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China
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Cyperus eragrostis (Cyperaceae)
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Trop. Am.
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Cortaderia selloana (Poaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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S-Am.
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Elodea canadensis ;(Hydrocharitaceae)
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N-Am.
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Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Asia
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Impatiens balfourii (Balsaminaceae)
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Himalayas
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Impatiens glandulifera (Balsaminaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Himalayas
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Lemna minuta (Lemanceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Am.
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Lippia canescens (Verbenaceae)
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S-Am.
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Ludwigia grandiflora (Onagraceae) EPPO List of IAP
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S-Am.
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Ludwigia peploides (Onagraceae) EPPO List of IAP
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S-Am.
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Parthenocissus inserta (Vitaceae)
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N-Am.
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Paspalum dilatatum (Poaceae)
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S-Am.
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Paspalum distichum (Poaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Trop. Am.
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Xanthium italicum (Asteraceae)
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N-Am.
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Emerging invasive alien species
These species have a limited distribution in the South of France, and major impacts are reported from elsewhere in the world. Urgent management measures should be undertaken.
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Species
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Origin
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Egeria densa (Hydrocharitaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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S-Am.
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Elodea nuttallii (Hydrocharitaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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N-Am.
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Heracleum mantegazzianum (Apiaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Caucasus
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Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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S-Am.
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Lindernia dubia (Scrophulariaceae)
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N-Am.
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Myriophyllum aquaticum (Haloragaceae) EPPO List of IAP
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Trop ; subtrop Am.
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Sagittaria latifolia (Alismataceae)
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N-Am.
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Species to monitor
These species have a very limited distribution in the South of France. The following species are still casual and should be removed.
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Species
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Origin
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Bidens connata (Asteraceae)
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N-Am.
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Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae) EPPO A2 List
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S-Am.
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Pistia stratiotes (Araceae) EPPO Alert List
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Trop.
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The impact of the following species is unknown, but they should be monitored, mainly in the rice fields and their surroundings:
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Species
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Origin
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Ammannia coccinea (Lythraceae)
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Am.
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Ammannia robusta (Lythraceae)
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Am.
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Cyperus difformis (Cyperaceae)
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Af., Asia, S-Eur (native in FR)
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Cyperus glomeratus (Cyperaceae)
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Eurasia (native in FR)
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Heteranthera limosa (Pontederiaceae)
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Trop Am.
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Heteranthera reniformis (Pontederiaceae)
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Trop Am.
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The impact of the following species is unknown, but it should be monitored, mainly in vineyards and their surroundings:
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Species
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Origin
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Vitis riparia (Vitaceae)
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N-Am.
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Sources
ARPE, CBNMP (2009) Plantes envahissantes – Guide d’identification des principales espèces aquatiques et de berges en Provence et Languedoc. Agence Régionale Pour l’Environnement Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur.113 p. http://www.arpe-paca.org/info.asp?InNum=In00002005;ThNum=Th00000251