Transmission of geminiviruses by Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci (EPPO A2 quarantine pest) is known to transmit viruses of the carla-, poty-, clostero- and nepo-groups and especially of the geminivirus group (approximately 60 geminiviruses have been recorded - see Table 1). More than 20 colonies of B. tabaci, including B and non-B biotypes from different countries have been compared for their ability to transmit more than 20 geminiviruses. As a result, all colonies were able to transmit most geminiviruses, except two biotypes (E and J) and some viruses were transmitted more efficiently than others. The authors noted also that the viral coat protein is essential for vector recognition and transmission. They suggested that comparative studies on the molecular basis of transmission between transmissible viruses and those which are no longer transmissible could provide useful tools for future integrated pest management programmes against B. tabaci.
TABLE 1
Virus ; ; ; ;Code ; ; ; ;Country of origin
Euphorbia mosaic ; ; ; ;EuMV ; ; ; ;N. America
Texas pepper ; ; ; ;TPGV ; ; ; ;N. America
Squash leaf curl ; ; ; ;SLCV ; ; ; ;N. America
Cotton leaf crumple ; ; ; ;CLCrV ; ; ; ;N. America
Tomato mottle ; ; ; ;TMoV ; ; ; ;N. America
Melon leaf curl ; ; ; ;MLCV ; ; ; ;N. America
Watermelon curly mottle ; ; ; ;WCMV ; ; ; ;N. America
Wissadula mosaic ; ; ; ;WMV ; ; ; ;N. America
Rhynchosia mosaic ; ; ; ;RhMV ; ; ; ;Puerto Rico
Passiflora leaf mottle ; ; ; ;PLM ; ; ; ;Puerto Rico
Malvaceous chlorosis ; ; ; ;MCV ; ; ; ;Brazil, Puerto Rico
Pepper mild tigre ; ; ; ;PeMTV ; ; ; ;Mexico
Chino del tomate ; ; ; ;CdTV ; ; ; ;Mexico
Tigre disease ; ; ; ;TDV ; ; ; ;Mexico
Sinaloa tomato leaf curl ; ; ; ;STLCV ; ; ; ;Mexico
Bean calico mosaic ; ; ; ;BCaMV ; ; ; ;Central America
Sida golden mosaic ; ; ; ;SiGMV ; ; ; ;Central America
Jatropha mosaic ; ; ; ;JMV ; ; ; ;Central America
Tomato yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;ToYMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Tomato golden mosaic ; ; ; ;TGMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Bean golden mosaic ; ; ; ;BGMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Bean dwarf mosaic ; ; ; ;BDMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Euphorbia mosaic ; ; ; ;EuMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Potato yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;PYMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Abutilon mosaic ; ; ; ;AbMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Solanum apical leaf curl ; ; ; ;SALCV ; ; ; ;S. America
Eggplant yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;EYMV ; ; ; ;S. America
Tomato yellow leaf curl ; ; ; ;TYLCV ; ; ; ;C. Amer., Africa, Asia, Yemen, Australia
Tomato leaf curl ; ; ; ;TLCV ; ; ; ;Mediterranean countries, Japan, Sudan, India
Tobacco leaf curl ; ; ; ;ToLCV ; ; ; ;Australia
Watermelon chlorotic stunt ; ; ; ;WCSV ; ; ; ;Asia, Yemen, Kenya
Pseuderantheum yellow vein ; ; ; ;PYVV ; ; ; ;Yemen
Tomato yellow dwarf ; ; ; ;ToYDV ; ; ; ;Yemen, Ghana, Singapore
Honeysuckle yellow vein mosaic ; ; ; ;HYVMV ; ; ; ;Ceylon, Japan
Eupatorium yellow vein ; ; ; ;EpYVV ; ; ; ;Japan
Mungbean yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;MYMV ; ; ; ;Japan
Soybean crinkle leaf ; ; ; ;SCLV ; ; ; ;Asia
Horsegram yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;HgYMV ; ; ; ;Asia
Lupin leaf curl ; ; ; ;LLCV ; ; ; ;India
Indian cassava mosaic ; ; ; ;ICMV ; ; ; ;India
African cassava mosaic ; ; ; ;ACMV ; ; ; ;Africa
Basil golden mosaic ; ; ; ;BaGMV ; ; ; ;Kenya
Cotton leaf curl ; ; ; ;CLCuV ; ; ; ;Sudan, Pakistan
Cowpea golden mosaic ; ; ; ;CGMV ; ; ; ;E. Africa, W. Africa
Sida yellow vein ; ; ; ;SYVV ; ; ; ;Nigeria
Macrotyloma mosaic ; ; ; ;MMV ; ; ; ;Benin
Limabean golden mosaic ; ; ; ;LGMV ; ; ; ;Nigeria
Asystasia golden mosaic ; ; ; ;AGMV ; ; ; ;Benin, Nigeria
Dolichos yellow mosaic ; ; ; ;DoYMV ; ; ; ;India
Okra leaf curl ; ; ; ;OLCV ; ; ; ;Benin
Ageratum yellow vein ; ; ; ;AYVV ; ; ; ;Asia, Singapore
Sources
Markham, P.G.; Bedford, I.D., Liu, S.; Pinner, M.S. (1994) The transmission of geminiviruses by Bemisia tabaci.
Pesticide Science, 42 (2), 123-128.
Paper presented at the SCI Pesticide Group Symposium 'Management of Bemisia tabaci', in London, on 1994-01-25.