New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List
By searching through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included on the EPPO Alert List. The situation of the pest concerned is indicated in bold, using the terms of ISPM no. 8.
- New records
Studies on Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 List) were carried out in West and Central Africa and showed that this fruit fly occurs in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Niger, and Senegal (Vayssières et al., 2007). The EPPO Secretariat had no previous data on the occurrence of this pest in Burkina Faso and Niger. Present, no details.
Cacyreus marshalli (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Malta (Sammut, 2007). Present, no details.
In Pakistan, surveys carried out in potato fields in the Northern Areas detected the presence of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (EPPO A2 List). The EPPO Secretariat had previously no data on the occurrence of potato ring rot in Pakistan (Bhutta, 2008). Present, found in the Northern Areas.
Iris yellow spot virus (Tospovirus, IYSV – EPPO Alert List) occurs in Egypt. Symptoms of IYSV have been observed since the 2000s on onions (Allium cepa), garlic (A. sativum), leek (A. porrum) and Egyptian leek (A. kurrat). The presence of the virus was confirmed in 2005 and observations made at that time concluded that despite high densities of the vector, Thrips tabaci, the disease incidence was low in Egypt (Elnagar et al., 2005). Present, first reported in 2005 with a low incidence.
During surveys, the presence of Rhagoletis cingulata (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A2 List) was confirmed in Croatia (Bjeliš, 2007). Present, no details.
In the Republic of Korea, the presence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus – EPPO A2 List) on capsicum has been reported recently. It was noted that this virus is spreading (Kim et al., 2008). Present, no details.
In Iran, Potato spindle tuber viroid (Pospiviroid, PSTVd – EPPO A2 List) has been detected on potato tubers collected from Razavi Khorasan and Northern Khorasan provinces (Arezou et al., 2008). Present, detected on potatoes in Razavi Khorasan and Northern Khorasan provinces.
Puccinia hemerocallidis (EPPO A1 List) is reported for the first time from Venezuela. The daylily rust was found in Colonia Tovar, in the state of Aragua (Pardo-Cardona et al., 2008). Present, first reported in 2008 in Colonia Tovar, state of Aragua.
- Detailed records
Anastrepha fraterculus and A. striata (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 List) occur in Tocantins, Brazil (Bomfim et al., 2007).
Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae - EPPO A1 List) occurs in Shandong (China) where it is considered as one of the major pests of tea bushes (Jin et al., 2007).
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (EPPO A2 List) was detected in spring 2005 in tomato crops in Cyprus, in the districts of Nicosia (Pyrgos), Larnaca (Odou, Melini, Vavatsinia) and Limassol (Parekklisia) (Papayiannis, 2008).
Cryphonectria parasitica (EPPO A2 List) occurs in Castilla y León, Spain. In this region, it was first detected in 1978 in Bembibre. At present it can be found in many chestnut stands in the areas of Leon and Zamora, and in some stands in the areas of Salamanca and Avila (Zamora et al., 2008).
Cryphonectria parasitica (EPPO A2 List) is reported for the first time from the islands of Crete and Lesbos. In 2006, symptoms were observed in an orchard in Chania (Crete) and in Agiasso (Lesbos) and laboratory tests confirmed the identity of the fungus (Perlerou and Diamandis, 2009).
Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Gansu, China (He et al., 2007).
Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs on glasshouse ornamental crops in Yunnan, China (Liang et al., 2007).
Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Uttaranchal, India (Mohapatra et al., 2007).
Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae – EPPO Alert List) occurs in Maharashtra, India (Mahesh and Men, 2007).
Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs in Guangdong, China (Liu et al., 2007).
Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae – EPPO A2 List) occurs on mango plants (Mangifera indica) cultivated in greenhouses on the Island of Amami-Oshima, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Yamaguchi, 2007).
Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae – EPPO A1 List) occurs in Espírito Santo, Brazil (Pratissoli et al., 2007).
In Australia, sugarcane smut caused by Sporisorium scitamineum has been found for the first time in New South Wales (Promed, 2009).
- Host plants
In China, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (EPPO A1 List) was detected on Citrus medica var. sarcodactylus (syn= Citrus limonimedica, Rutaceae – foshou or Buddha’s hand), a plant cultivated for its fragrance and for traditional medicine. The pathogen was detected in January 2006 on trees showing typical symptoms of huanglongbing in the City of Guangning, province of Guangdong (Deng et al., 2008).
In Poland, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ (EPPO A2 List) was detected on Dahlia plants in summer 2004, and in Lilium plants (oriental hybrids cv. Siberia) showing symptoms of leaf scorch (Kamińska and Śliwa, 2008).
During surveys carried out in Colombia from June to December 2005, natural infections by Citrus leprosis virus (EPPO A1 List) were detected in some plants of Swinglea glutinosa (Rutaceae) grown in hedges around citrus orchards. Affected plants showed chlorotic spots and ringspots of variable size on the leaves (León et al., 2008).
Potato spindle tuber viroid (Pospiviroid, PSTVd – EPPO A2 List) has been detected in cuttings and young seedlings of Physalis peruviana (Solanaceae - Cape gooseberry) submitted for testing by two growers from Turkey and Germany, respectively. Infected plants of P. peruviana did not show any symptoms (Verhoeven et al., 2009).
Sources
Arezou Y, Jafarpour B, Rastegar MF, Javad-Manesh A (2008) Molecular detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid in Razavi and Northern Khorasan provinces. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 11(12) 1642-1645 (abst.).
Bjeliš M (2007) [North American cherry fruit fly – Rhagoletis cingulata Loew. (Diptera: Tephritidae), a new quarantine pest in Croatia]. Pomologia Croatica 13(1), 49-55 (abst.).
Bomfim DA, Uchôa-Fernandes MA, Bragança MAL (2007) Host and parasitoids of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea) in the state of Tocantins, Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 36(6), 987-986 (abst.).
Bhutta AR (2008) Survey of tuber borne diseases of potato in Northern Areas, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology 20(1), 20-33 (abst.).
Deng X, Chen J, Shan Z, Zhou G, Li H, Civerolo EL (2008) Identification of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ from Foshou (Citrus medica) in China. Plant Pathology 57(2) p 365.
Elnagar S, El-Sheikh MAK, Abdel Wahab AS (2005) Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV): a newly isolated thrips-borne tospovirus in Egypt. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Pests in Agriculture, Montpellier, FR, 2005-10-26/27, 8 pp.
He YY, Zhu DH, Zhao LQ (2007) [Testing Wolbachia infection of Dryocosmus kuriphilus with ftsZ gene and 16Sr DNA special primer]. Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University 30(2), 113-115 (abst.).
Jin Y, Xie Y, Yin XL, Yang LF, Zhao Y (2007) [Bionomics of Aleurocanthus spiniferus and its control]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 44(5), 734-736 (abst.).
Kamińska M, Śliwa H (2008) Mixed infection of dahlia plants in Poland with apple proliferation and aster yellows phytoplasmas. Plant Pathology 57(2) p 363.
Kamińska M, Śliwa H (2008) First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali in oriental lilies and its association with leaf scorch in Poland. Plant Pathology 57(2) p 363.
Kim HJ, Yang HB, Chung BN, Kang BC (2008) [Survey and application of DNA markers linked to TSWV resistance]. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology 26(4), 464-470 (abst.).
León MG, Becerra CH, Freitas-Astúa J, Salaroli RB, Kitajima EW (2008) Natural infection of Swinglea glutinosa by the Citrus leprosis virus cytoplasmic type (CiLV-C) in Colombia. Plant disease 92(9), p 1364.
Liang GH, Zhang HR, Li ZM, Liu T (2007) [Studies on the species of flower thrips and its occurrence in Dounan Chenggong county of Yunnan]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences 20(6), 1291-1295 (abst.).
Liu CY, Lu YY, Zeng L, Liu H, Zhang WQ (2007) [Host plants of American serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii, in Guangdong in spring]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 44(4), 574-576 (abst.).
Mahesh P, Men UB (2007) Seasonal incidence of Leucinodes orbonalis in brinjal. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 15(2), 498-499 (abst.).
Mohapatra SD, Aswal JS, Mishra PN (2007) Monitoring population dynamics of tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner moths through pheromone traps in Uttaranchal Hills. Indian Journal of Entomology 69(2), 172-173 (abst.).
Papayannis LC (2008) Detection and identification of bacterial disease infecting tomato crops in Cyprus. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 47(2), p 147.
Pardo-Cardona VM, Caruso D, Rojas T (2008) [First report of daylily rust Puccinia hemerocallidis Thüm., for Venezuela]. Agronomía Tropical (Maracay) 58(2), 193-196 (abst.).
Perlerou C, Diamandis S (2009) First report of chestnut blight in the islands of Lesbos and Crete. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 48(2), p 316.
Pratissoli D, Polanczyk RA, Grecco ED, Ferreira RA, Holtz AM (2007) [Microbial toxicity of new Bacillus thuringiensis isolates in two populations of Spodoptera frugiperda originating from Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo]. Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo 6(2), 140-148 (abst.).
ProMed posting (20091130.4095) of 2009-311-30. Smut sugarcane – Australia (New South Wales). http://www.promedmail.org
Sammut P (2007) Cacyreus marshalli Butler, [1898] reaches the Maltese Islands (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología 35(139), 317-319 (abst.).
Vayssières JF, Rey JY, Traoré L (2007) Distribution and host plants of Bactrocera cucurbitae in West and Central Africa. Fruits (Paris) 62(6), 391-396 (abst.).
Verhoeven JTJ, Botermans M, Roenhorst JW, Westerhof J, Meekes ETM (2009) First report of Potato spindle tuber viroid in Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) from Turkey and Germany. Plant Disease 93(3), p 316.
Yamaguchi T (2007) [Seasonal prevalence of Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood and Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Giard) on the flower buds, inflorescences, and fruits of mango (Mangifera indica) plants cultivated in greenhouses on Amami-Oshima Island, Japan]. Kyushu Plant Protection Research 53, 103-106 (abst.).
Zamora P, Martín AB, Arrate J, Rigling D, Diez JJ (2008) Detection of the vegetative compatibility groups of Cryphonectria parasitica in Castilla y León region. Acta Horticulturae no. 784, 159-162.