EPPO Global Database

EPPO Reporting Service no. 07 - 2014 Num. article: 2014/138

United States weed risk assessments are available


In the USA, USDA-APHIS (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) conducts weed risk assessments which are available online (see link below). For each species evaluated by APHIS, the table below indicates its origin, and its known distribution in the EPPO region according to the DAISIE and Euro+Med databases. Most of these assessments were conducted with the new APHIS weed risk assessment procedure, based on a predictive model which calculates the probabilities for a plant species to be a non-invader, minor-invader, or major-invader. Probabilities and conclusions from the assessment are summarized below.

Species
Origin
Distribution in the EPPO region
Conclusions of the assessment for the USA
Acacia nilotica (Fabaceae)
Africa, India
DZ, IL
Overall medium-high risk species
Acalypha australis (Euphorbiaceae)
Russian Far East, China, Japan, Philippines
TR
Evaluate further, minor invader at 65%
Achyranthes japonica (Amaranthaceae)
Eastern Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 77%
Ageratina riparia (Asteraceae)
Mexico
ES (Canarias, Gomera, La Palma, Tenerife), PT (Madeira)
Overall medium-high risk species
Althaea armeniaca (Malvaceae)
Eastern Mediterranean and Southwestern Asia
Native in AM, AZ, GE, RU, SK, TR, UA
Overall low risk, minor invader at 51%
Anubias barteri (Araceae)
Africa
/
Overall low risk, non-invader at 89%


Araujia sericifera (Asclepiadaceae, EPPO Observation List of IAP)
South America
ES, FR (incl. Corse), GR, IT (incl. Sicilia), PT (incl. Azores, Madeira)
Overall high risk, major invader at 87%
Arctotheca calendula (Asteraceae, EPPO Alert List)
South Africa
ES (incl. Canarias), FR (Incl. Corse), IL, IT (incl. Sardegna, Sicilia), MA, PT (Incl. Azores), TN
Overall high risk
Ardisia crenata (Primulaceae)
Southeast Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 59%
Arundo donax (Poaceae)
Northern Africa, Middle East, Southeast Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 71%
Austroderia richardii (Poaceae)
New Zealand
FR, GB
Overall high risk, minor invader at 51%
Bacopa australis (Plantaginaceae)
South America
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 67%
Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Sapindaceae, EPPO List of Invasive Alien Plants)
Tropical Africa, Central and South America
ES (Canarias), IT (Sicilia), MT, PT (Madeira)
Overall high risk, major invader at 79%
Carex breviculmis (Cyperaceae)
Australia, New Zealand, Southern and Eastern Asia
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 69%
Carex pendula (Cyperaceae)
Europe, West Asia, North Africa
Widespread
Evaluate further, minor invader at 59%
Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae)
South America
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 56%
Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Asteraceae)
South-Africa
ES, FR, IT (Sicilia)
Overall high risk, major invader at 76%
Chrysopogon aciculatus (Poaceae)
Tropical areas of Asia, Australia and the Pacific
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 89%
Colophospermum mopane (Fabaceae)
Southern Africa
/
Overall low risk, non-invader at 59%
Cordia curassavica (Boraginaceae)
Central America and Caribbean
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 55%
Cortaderia jubata (Poaceae)
South America
ES
Overall high risk, major invader at 91%
Cortaderia selloana (Poaceae, EPPO List of IAP)
South America
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 87%



Crassula helmsii (Crassulaceae, EPPO A2 List)
Australia and New Zealand
BE, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, NL, PT, RU
Overall high risk, major invader at 95%
Delairea odorata (Asteraceae, EPPO List of IAP)
South Africa
FR, GB, IE, IT, PT (incl. Azores, Madeira)
Overall high risk, major invader at 77%
Dittrichia graveolens (Asteraceae)
Mediterranean Basin
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 92%
Dolichandra unguis-cati (Bignoniaceae)
Central and South America, Caribbean
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 67%
Echinochloa pyramidalis (Poaceae)
Africa
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 73%
Echinodorus uruguayensis (Alismataceae)
South America
/
Overall low risk, minor invader at 51%
Euphorbia terracina (Euphorbiaceae)
Europe, Mediterranean Basin
Widespread
Overall medium-high risk
Falcaria vulgaris (Apiaceae)
Europe, Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 79%
Geranium lucidum (Geraniaceae)
Europe, North Africa, Central Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 79%
Gladiolus undulatus (Iridaceae)
South Africa
PT (Azores)
Overall high risk, minor invader at 54%
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides (Asteraceae, EPPO Observation list of IAP)
South America
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 84%
Hakea gibbosa (Proteaceae)
Australia
/
Overall high risk, minor invader at 57%
Hakea salicifolia (Proteaceae)
Australia
FR, PT
Overall high risk, minor invader at 70%
Hakea sericea (Proteaceae, EPPO List of IAP)
Australia
ES, FR, PT
Overall high risk, major invader at 56%
Homeria spp. (Iridaceae)
South Africa
/
Overall high risk species
Hedychium gardnerianum (Zingiberaceae)
India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan
PT (incl. Azores, Madeira)
Overall high risk, major invader at 83%
Impatiens parviflora (Balsaminaceae)
Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 89%
Inula britannica (Asteraceae)
Europe, Asia
Widespread
Overall medium-high risk species
Ipomoea aquatica (Convolvulaceae)
Southeast Asia
/
Overall medium-high risk species
Iris pseudacorus (Iridaceae)
Europe
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 81%
Leptochilus pteropus (Polypodaceae)
Southeast Asia
/
Overall low risk, minor invader at 51%

Ligustrum sinense (Oleaceae)
Southeast Asia
IT, PT (Madeira)
Overall high risk, major invader at 75%
Limnobium laevigatum (Hydrocharitaceae)
Central and South America, Caribbean
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 89%
Luziola subintegra (Poaceae)
Americas
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 80%
Lygodium microphyllum, L. japonicum, L. flexuosum (Lygodiaceae)
Asia
/
Overall medium-high risk species
Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae)
Central and South America, Caribbean
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 95%
Stipa neesiana (Poaceae, EPPO Observation List of IAP)
South America
ES, FR (incl; Corse)
Overall high risk, major invader at 98%
Neptunia oleracea (Fabaceae)
South America
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 73%
Nymphoides cristata (Menanthyaceae)
India, Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 66%
Nymphoides indica (Menanthyaceae)
Tropical America and Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 63%
Nymphoides peltata (Menanthyaceae)
Europe, Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 92%
Onopordum acaulon (Asteraceae)
Mediterranean Basin
Widespread
Overall medium-high risk.
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius (Poaceae)
Temperate, subtropical and tropical areas of the world (including Mediterranean Basin)
Widespread
Overall high risk, major invader at 80%
Persicaria chinensis (Polygonaceae)
Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 91%
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis (Phyllanthaceae)
Tropical Africa
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 68%
Phyllostachys aurea (Poaceae)
China and Japan
FR (Corse)
Overall high risk, minor invader at 54%
Phyllostachys aureosulcata (Poaceae)
China
?
Overall high risk, minor invader at 69%
Pilea hyalina (Urticaceae)
Tropical America, Antilles
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 70%
Pistacia chinensis (Anacardiaceae)
China
/
Overall high risk, minor invader at 59%
Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Poaceae)
Tropical Asia
/
Overall high risk species
Rumex sagittatus (Polygonaceae)
Africa
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 54%
Sagittaria sagittifolia (Alismataceae)
Europe, Asia
Widespread
Overall medium-high risk species
Senecio angulatus (Asteraceae)
South Africa
ES (incl. Baleares, Canarias), FR (incl. Corse), HR, IT (incl. Sardegna, Sicilia), PT
Overall high risk, major invader at 67%
Senecio inaequidens (Asteraceae, EPPO List of IAP)
South Africa
Widespread
Overall high risk species
Senecio madagascariensis (Asteraceae)
Southern Africa
/
Overall high risk species
Sideritis montana (Lamiaceae)
Europe, Mediterranean Basin
Widespread
Overall high risk, minor invader at 56%
Solanum sisymbriifolium (Solanaceae)
South America
BE, ES, IT (incl. Sardegna)
Overall high risk, major invader at 82%
Solanum viarum (Solanaceae)
South America
/
Overall high risk species
Thymelaea passerina (Thymeleaceae)
Europe, Asia
Widespread
Overall high risk, minor invader at 61%
Toona sinensis (Meliaceae)
Asia
/
Overall high risk, minor invader at 70%
Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae)
Central America
/
Overall high risk species
Triplaris melaenodendron (Polygonaceae)
Central America
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 64%
Vitex rotundifolia (Lamiaceae)
Asia
/
Overall high risk, major invader at 80%
Wikstroemia indica (Thymeleaceae)
Southeast Asia, Australia
/
Evaluate further, minor invader at 67%
Xanthoceras sorbifolium (Sapindaceae)
Asia
/
Overall low risk, non-invader at 81%

Sources

USDA, Noxious Weeds Program Risk Assessments. http://www.aphis.usda.gov/wps/portal/banner/help?1dmy;urile=wcm