Definition of Quarantine Risk Groups in New Zealand
The NPPO of New Zealand has categorized exotic plant pests into 3 quarantine groups based on the risk presented by these pests to New Zealand. Phytosanitary measures required will be commensurate to the risk faced (the greater the risk, the stronger the measures).
Risk Group 3: pests presenting the greatest risk.
It is considered that, if introduced into New Zealand, the following pests would cause: 1);major disruption in export markets for a number of significant commodities; and/or 2);significant economic impact on national production of these commodities; and/or 3);potentially significant adverse effects on the environment.
To prevent entry of these pests, phytosanitary measures will include for example a pre-export treatment (in accordance with a New Zealand standard) under an official bilateral quarantine agreement between New Zealand and the exporting country. If these pests are intercepted, the consignment will be returned or destroyed, and trade will be suspended until the cause of non-compliance is identified and corrected.
Anastrepha fraterculus
A. ludens
A. obliqua
A. serpentina
A. striata
A. suspensa
Bactrocera aquilonis
B. carambolae
B. cucumis
B. cucurbitae
B. curvipennis
B. dorsalis
B. facialis
B. frauenfeldi
B. jarvisi
B. kirki
B. latifrons
B. melanotus
B. neohumeralis
B. papayae
B. passiflorae
B. philippinensis
B. psidii
B. trilineola
B. trivialis
B. tryoni
B. xanthodes
B. zonata
Ceratitis capitata
C. rosa
Rhagoletis pomonella
(So far, it may be noted that this list of pests includes only fruit flies.)
Risk Group 2 pests
If introduced the following pests would have a negative impact on export markets, national production, environment (as above), but are likely to affect a smaller number of crops or commodities.
For these pests, phytosanitary requirements may include pre-export treatments (officially declared by the exporting country). If these pests are intercepted, the consignment will be treated (if treatment is available), returned or destroyed. The exporting country is immediately informed.
Bacteria
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
Pantoea stewartii pv. stewartii
Spiroplasma citri
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri
Xanthomonas fragariae
Xylella fastidiosa
Fungi
Guignardia citricarpa
Gymnosporangium asiaticum
G. japonicum
G. juniperi-virginianae
Monilinia fructigena
Phomopsis asparagi
Puccinia asparagi
Synchytrium endobioticum
Tilletia controversa
T. indica
Insects
Aleurocanthus woglumi
Anastrepha distincta
Bactrocera tsuneonis
Bemisia tabaci
Carposina niponensis (= C. sasakii)
Conogethes punctiferalis
Conotrachelus nenuphar
Cryptophlebia leucotreta
Cylas formicarius
Euscepes postfasciatus
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Liriomyza huidobrensis
L. sativae
L. trifolii
Lymantria dispar
Prostephanus truncatus
Thrips palmi
Trogoderma granarium
Tetranychus kanzawai
Nematodes
Radopholus citrophilus
Viruses
Plum pox potyvirus
Potato Andean latent tymovirus
Potato Andean mottle comovirus
Potato black ringspot nepovirus
Potato mop-top mopovirus
Potato T trichovirus
Risk Group 1 pests
These pests have less impact than the others but they are still classed as 'unwanted'. For the moment, no list of pests is given. The phytosanitary requirements for these pests may include: testing and/or treatment prior to export, and inspection or testing on arrival. If these pests are intercepted, the consignment will be treated (if possible), or re-sorted, or returned or destroyed.
It is expected that these risk groups will be up-dated regularly, and available on the Internet.
Sources
Breach, J. (2000) Registers of quarantine Risk Groups 2 and 3 pests.
PhytoZone, no. 5, summer 2000, MAF Biosecurity, Wellington, NZ, p 4.