US draft Federal noxious weed lists
USDA-APHIS (US) has a noxious weed program which is designed to prevent the introduction into the United States of non-indigenous invasive plants and to prevent the spread of newly introduced invasive plants within the United States. On its web site, a draft list (2000-08-09) of noxious weeds is available. In a draft action plan for the noxious weeds program, this list has been further worked (2002-01), and plant species have been separated into four lists: federal noxious weeds, not in US (A1), federal noxious weeds, introduced (A2), regulated non-quarantine weeds (C) and a list of non-regulated weeds of interest to APHIS.
- A1 Weeds: Federal noxious weeds, not in US
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Aeginetia spp. (Orobanchaceae)
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Parasitic
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Alectra spp. (Scrophulariaceae)
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Parasitic
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Azolla pinnata (Azollaceae)
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mosquito fern, water velvet
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Carthamus oxyacantha (Asteraceae)
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wild safflower - Terrestrial
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Cuscuta spp. other than native or introduced species (Cuscutaceae)
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dodders - Parasitic
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Digitaria abyssinica (=D. scalarum) (Poaceae)
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African couch grass - Terrestrial
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Drymaria arenarioides (Caryophyllaceae)
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lightening weed, alfombrilla - Terrestrial
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Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae)
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Oxygen weed - Aquatic/Wetland
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Leptochloa chinensis (Poaceae)
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Asian sprangletop - Terrestrial
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Lycium ferocissimum (Solanaceae)
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African boxthorn - Terrestrial
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Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)
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mile-a-minute - Terrestrial
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Monochoria hastata (Pontederiaceae)
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monochoria - Aquatic/Wetland
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Nassella trichotoma (Poaceae)
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serrated tussock - Terrestrial
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Opuntia aurantiaca (Cactaceae)
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jointed prickly pear - Terrestrial
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Orobanche spp. other than native or introduced species (Orobanchaceae)
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broomrapes - Parasitic
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Oryza longistaminata (Poaceae)
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red rice - Terrestrial
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Oryza punctata (Poaceae)
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red rice - Terrestrial
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Prosopis alpataco (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis argentina (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis articulata (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis burkartii (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis caldenia (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis calingastana (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis campestris (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis castellanosii (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis denudans (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis elata (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis ferox (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis fiebrigii (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis hassleri (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis humilis (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis kuntzei (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis palmeri (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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A1 continued
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Prosopis rojasiana (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis ruizlealii (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis ruscifolia (Fabaceae)
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mesquites –Terrestrial
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Prosopis sericantha (Fabaceae)
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mesquites –Terrestrial
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Prosopis torquata (Fabaceae)
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mesquites –Terrestrial
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Rubus fruticosus (Rosaceae)
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wild blackberry complex – Terrestrial
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Rubus moluccanus (Rosaceae)
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wild blackberry – Terrestrial
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Sparganium erectum (Sparganiaceae)
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exotic bur-reed – Aquatic/Wetland
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Spermacoce alata (Rubiaceae)
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borreria – Terrestrial
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Striga spp. other than native or introduced species (Scrophulariaceae)
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witchweeds – Parasitic
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- A2 Weeds: Federal noxious weeds introduced
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Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae)
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crofton weed - Terrestrial
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Alternanthera sessilis (Amaranthaceae)
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sessile joyweed - Terrestrial
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Asphodelus fistulosus (Liliaceae)
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onionweed - Terrestrial
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Avena sterilis L. (Poaceae)
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animated or wild oat - Terrestrial
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Caulerpa taxifolia (Caulerpaceae)
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caulerpa - Aquatic/Wetland
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Chrysopogon aciculatus (Poaceae)
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pilipiliula - Terrestrial
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Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae)
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Benghal dayflower - Terrestrial
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Crupina vulgaris (Asteraceae)
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common crupina - Terrestrial
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Digitaria velutina (Poaceae)
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velvet fingergrass - Terrestrial
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Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae)
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anchored waterhyacinth - Aquatic/Wetland
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Emex australis (Polygonaceae)
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three-cornered jack - Terrestrial
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Emex spinosa (Polygonaceae)
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devil's thorn - Terrestrial
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Galega officinalis (Fabaceae)
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goatsrue - Terrestrial
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Heracleum mantegazzianum (Apiaceae)
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giant hogweed - Terrestrial
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Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae)
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Hydrilla - Aquatic/Wetland
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Hygrophila polysperma (Acanthaceae)
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Miramar weed - Aquatic/Wetland
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Imperata brasiliensis (Poaceae)
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Brazilian satintail - Terrestrial
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Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae)
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cogongrass - Terrestrial
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Ipomoea aquatica (Convolvulaceae)
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Chinese waterspinach - Aquatic/Wetland
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Ischaemum rugosum (Poaceae)
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murain-grass - Terrestrial
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Limnophila sessiliflora (Scrophulariaceae)
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ambulia - Aquatic/Wetland
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Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae)
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melaleuca - Aquatic/Wetland
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Melastoma malabathricum (Melastomataceae)
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Terrestrial
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Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae)
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mile-a-minute - Terrestrial
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Mimosa diplotrichia (Fabaceae)
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giant sensitive plant - Terrestrial
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Mimosa pigra (Fabaceae)
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catclaw mimosa - Terrestrial
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Monochoria vaginalis (Pontederiaceae)
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pickerel weed - Aquatic/Wetland
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Orobanche minor (Orobanchaceae)
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Parasitic
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Orobanche ramosa (Orobanchaceae)
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Parasitic
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Oryza rufipogon (Poaceae)
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red rice - Terrestrial
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Ottelia alismoides (Hydrocharitaceae)
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duck-lettuce - Aquatic/Wetland
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Paspalum scrobiculatum (Poaceae)
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Kodo-millet - Terrestrial
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Pennisetum clandestinum (Poaceae)
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kikuyugrass - Terrestrial
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Pennisetum macrourum (Poaceae)
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African feathergrass - Terrestrial
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Pennisetum pedicellatum (Poaceae)
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kyasuma-grass - Terrestrial
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Pennisetum polystachion (Poaceae)
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missiongrass - Terrestrial
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A2 continued
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Prosopis farcta (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis pallida (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis reptans (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Prosopis strombulifera (Fabaceae)
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mesquites -Terrestrial
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Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Poaceae)
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itchgrass - Terrestrial
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Saccharum spontaneum (Poaceae)
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wild sugarcane - Terrestrial
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Sagittaria sagittifolia (Alismataceae)
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arrowhead - Aquatic/Wetland
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Salsola vermiculata (Chenopodiaceae)
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wormleaf salsola - Terrestrial
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Salvinia auriculata (Salviniaceae)
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giant salvinia - Aquatic/Wetland
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Salvinia molesta (Salviniaceae)
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giant salvinia - Aquatic/Wetland
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Setaria pumila (Poaceae)
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cattail grass - Terrestrial
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Solanum tampicense (Solanaceae)
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wetland nightshade - Aquatic/Wetland
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Solanum torvum (Solanaceae)
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turkeyberry - Terrestrial
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Solanum viarum (Solanaceae)
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tropical soda apple - Terrestrial
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Striga asiatica (Scrophulariaceae)
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witchweed- Parasitic
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Striga gesnerioides (Scrophulariaceae)
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indigo witchweed - Parasitic
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Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae)
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coat buttons - Terrestrial
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Urochloa panicoides (Poaceae)
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liverseed grass - Terrestrial
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- B. Regulated non-quarantine weeds
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Acroptilon repens (Asteraceae)
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Russian knapweed - Terrestrial
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Cardaria draba (Brassicaceae)
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hoary cress - Terrestria
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Cardaria pubescens (Brassicaceae)
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white top -Terrestrial
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Cirsium arvense (Asteraceae)
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Canada thistle - Terrestrial
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Convolvulus arvense (Convolvulaceae)
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field bindweed - Terrestrial
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Elytrigia repens (Poaceae)
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quack grass - Terrestrial
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Euphorbia esula (Euphorbiaceae)
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leafy spurge – Terrestrial
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Sonchus arvensis (Asteraceae)
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perennial sowthistle - Terrestrial
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Sorghum halepensis (Poaceae)
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Johnsongrass - Terrestrial
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- C. Non-regulated weeds of interest to APHIS
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Alliaria petiolata (Brassicaceae)
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garlic mustard - Terrestrial
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Carduus nutans (Asteraceae)
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musk thistle - Terrestrial
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Centaurea diffusa (Asteraceae)
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diffuse knapweed - Terrestrial
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Centaurea maculosa (Asteraceae)
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spotted knapweed - Terrestrial
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Centaurea solstitialis (Asteraceae)
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yellow starthistle - Terrestrial
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Centaurea virgata ssp. squarrosa (Asteraceae)
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squarrose knapweed - Terrestrial
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Chondrilla juncea (Asteraceae)
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rush skeletonweed- Terrestrial
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Cynoglossum officinale (Boraginaceae)
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houndstongue - Terrestrial
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Cyperus esculentus (Cyperaceae)
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yellow nutsedge - Aquatic/Wetlands
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Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae)
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purple nutsedge - Aquatic/Wetlands
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Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae)
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Waterhyacinth - Aquatic/Wetlands
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Hieracium aurantiacum (Asteraceae)
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orange hawkweed - Terrestrial
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Hieracium pratense (Asteraceae)
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meadow hawkweed - Terrestrial
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Linaria dalmatica (Scrophulariaceae)
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Dalmatian toadflax - Terrestrial
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Linaria vulgaris (Scrophulariaceae)
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yellow toadflax - Terrestrial
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Lythrum salicaria (Lytraceae)
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purple loosestrife - Aquatic/Wetlands
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Myriophyllum spicatum (Haloragaceae)
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Eurasian watermilfoi l- Aquatic/Wetlands
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C continued
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Onopordum acanthium (Asteraceae)
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Scotch thistle - Terrestrial
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Phragmites australis (Poaceae)
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common reed - Aquatic/Wetlands
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Polygonum perfoliatum (Polygonaceae)
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mile-a-minute weed - Terrestrial
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Pueraria lobata (Fabaceae)
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kudzu - Terrestrial
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Rosa multiflora (Rosaceae)
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multiflora rose - Terrestrial
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Tamarix ramosissima (Tamaricaceae)
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saltcedar - Terrestrial
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Sources
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USDA-APHIS - US Federal noxious weed list.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/weeds
Draft Action Plan for the Noxious Weeds Program
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/weeds/weedsjan2002-pub.pdf
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