Preliminary data on invasive plant species in France
The French Ministry of Environment (Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement) gives some information on research programmes carried on ‘biological invasions’. Among them, the following exotic plant species are mentioned:
- Senecio inaequidens: introduced in the 1930s from South Africa, causes problems in particular in the south of France.
- Carpobrotus edulis and C. affine acinaciformis: introduced from South Africa about 150 ago, they now cause problems in the Mediterranean coastal region, including Corse.
Note: Interestingly, those two species are also mentioned as invasive species in Cataluña, in Spain. S. inaequidens is causing problems in the Pyrenees, from Port Bou to Andorra. C. edulis is invasive in the Parque Natural de Cabo de Creus and Islas Medas.
In addition, in wetlands, invasions by the exotic aquatic plants Ludwigia grandiflora and L. peploides are reported in France. These species were unintentionally introduced from South America into the south of France in the 1820-30s. They remained there for a long period, but during the last 30 years they started to invade new areas toward the west and north. Today they have reached the Belgian border, and are also reported from the Netherlands. They rapidly invade waterways and humid areas, reducing biodiversity, blocking waterways, modifying water characteristics etc.
Sources
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Anonymous (2001) Balance fitosanitario de los cultivos de España durante 2000. Phytoma España, no 127, 18-46.
INTERNET
Agence Méditerranéenne de l’Environnement. Les jussies;: des plantes envahissantes dans les zones humides littorales méditerranéennes. http://www.ame-lr.org/publications/espaces/jussies/jussies01.html.
Cemagref – Information presse. Invasions de jussies. http://www.cemagref.fr/informations/Presse/InfoMedias/im46/jussies.pdf
Invasion des jussies – Lettre de Sea River, Septembre 2001. http://www.se-river-news.com/19_6.htm
Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement. Information sur les recherches financées dans le cadre du programme ‘invasions biologiques’ http://www.environnement.gouv.fr/dossiers/recherche-prospective/010919-infoprogrammes-invasions-biologiques.htm
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