Alien plant species which are spreading in Norway
On the web site of the ‘State of the Environment Norway’ a list of alien species of vascular plants that are spreading in Norway is given, based on a publication from Fremstad ; Elven (1997). It is estimated that half of the approximately 2630 plant species found in Norway occur naturally in the country. Of the species that have immigrated, 593 have become a permanent part of the Norwegian vegetation. More than 110 of these are thought to be expanding and some of them may have a significant impact on the vegetation.
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Scientific name
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First appearance
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Escaped from
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Abies alba
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Forestry
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Acer pseudoplatanus
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Gardens
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Achillea ptarmica
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|
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Agrostis gigantea
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1930s
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Amelanchier spicata
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Gardens
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Aquilegia vulgaris
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Middle ages
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Gardens
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Arabis (Cardaminopsis) arenosa
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1913
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Roadsides and railways
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Arabis caucasica
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Gardens
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Arabis suecica
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1939
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Roadsides and railways
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Aruncus dioicus
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Gardens
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Barbarea vulgaris
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1790s
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Berberis thunbergii
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Gardens
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Berteroa incana
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1820s
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Bromus inermis
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1900s
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Grass cultivation
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Bunias orientalis
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1800-1810
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Campanula patula
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1830
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Cerastium glomeratum
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Roadsides and railways
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Chaenorrhinum minus
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Roadsides and railways
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Chamomilla suaveolens
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1862
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Cicerbita macrophylla
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Gardens
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Cicerbita plumieri
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Gardens
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Claytonia sibirica
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|
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Cornus alba
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Gardens
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Cotoneaster bullatus
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Gardens
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Cotoneaster dielsianus
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Gardens
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Cotoneaster divaricatus
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Gardens
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Cotoneaster lucidus
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Gardens
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Cotoneaster simonsii
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Gardens
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Crepis biennis
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|
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Crepis setosa
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1961
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Cymbalaria muralis
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|
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Dicentra formosa
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Gardens
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Draba nemorosa
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|
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Echinochloa crus-galli
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|
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Elodea canadensis
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1925
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Epilobium ciliatum
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|
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Epilobium glandulosum
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1928
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Epilobium watsonii
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1869
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Erigeron (Conyza) canadensis
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1870
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Scientific name
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First appearance
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Escaped from
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Erucastrum gallicum
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|
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Fallopia x bohemica
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Gardens
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Festuca tenuifolia (Festuca ovina ssp. capillata)
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|
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Festuca trachyphylla
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Sown on roadsides
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Galinsoga ciliata
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1900s
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|
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Galinsoga parviflora
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1830
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Geranium sibiricum
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1940s
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|
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Geum macrophyllum
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Gardens
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Heracleum mantegazzianum
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Gardens
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Heracleum stevenii (H. laciniatum)
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1850s
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Gardens
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Hesperis matronalis
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Gardens
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Impatiens glandulifera
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Gardens
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Impatiens parviflora
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1875s
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Juncus tenuis
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1899
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|
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Laburnum alpinum
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Gardens
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Laburnum anagyroides
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Gardens
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Lactuca serriola
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Gardens
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Lamium confertum
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|
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Lepidium densiflorum
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|
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Lepidium heterophyllum
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Lepidium latifolium
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|
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Lepidium ruderale
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Linaria repens
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Lonicera caerulea
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Gardens
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Lonicera tatarica
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Gardens
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Lupinus nootkatensis
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Sown
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Lupinus perennis
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Sown
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Lupinus polyphyllus
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Gardens
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Lysimachia punctata
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Gardens
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Mahonia aquifolium
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Gardens
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Meconopsis cambrica
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Gardens
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Mimulus guttatus
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|
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Myrrhis odorata
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Middle ages
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|
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Oxalis europaea (O fontana)
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|
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Picea glauca
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Gardens and forestry
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Picea sitchensis
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Forestry
|
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Pinus mugo
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Forestry
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Poa supina
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Roadsides and railways
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Polygonum cuspidatum (Reynoutria or Fallopia japonica)
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Gardens
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Potentilla intermedia
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|
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Potentilla thuringiaca
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|
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Primula elatior
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Gardens
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Pseudofumaria lutea
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Gardens
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Pulmonaria montana
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Gardens
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Pulmonaria rubra
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Gardens
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Ranunculus cymbalaria
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1916
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|
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Reynoutria (Fallopia) sachaliensis
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Gardens
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Rorippa austriaca
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|
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Rorippa austriaca x sylvestris
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|
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Scientific name
|
First appearance
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Escaped from
|
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Rosa glauca
|
|
Gardens
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Rosa rugosa
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1920s
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Gardens
|
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Rubus armeniacus
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|
Gardens
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Rumex confertus
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1931
|
|
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Sambucus nigra
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Middle ages
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Gardens
|
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Sambucus racemosa
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|
Gardens
|
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Saponaria officinalis
|
|
|
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Scilla siberica
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Gardens
|
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Scopolia carniolica
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|
|
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Sedum spurium
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Gardens
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Senecio viscosus
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1750s
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Sisymbrium altissimum
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|
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Solidago canadensis
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|
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Solidago gigantea
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|
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Sorbus intermedia
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Gardens
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Spergularia rubra
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|
|
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Symphoricarpos rivularis (S. albus var. laevigatus)
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|
Gardens
|
|
Telekia speciosa
|
|
Gardens
|
|
Thlaspi caerulescens
|
1874
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|
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Trifolium incarnatum
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|
Sown
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Trifolium spadiceum
|
|
|
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Tsuga heterophylla
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Gardens
|
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Veronica filiformis
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|
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Veronica persica
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Sources
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Fremstad E.; Elven, R. (1997) Alien plants in Norway; a review. Norsk geografisk tidsskrift, 51, 199-218.
Web site of ‘State of the Environment Norway’.
http://62.92.38.7/Topics/Biological_diversity/Animals_plants/alien_species/plants.stm
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