Details on the present situation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its vectors in China
In China, pines are very important forest trees, covering approximately 20% of the total forest area. Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (EPPO A1 quarantine pest) was first reported in 1982 on a dead Pinus thunbergii tree at Nanjing city, Jiangsu Province. In 1988, it was found in Anhui Province (mainly on P. thunbergii and P. massoniana), and in Shenzhen city, Guangdong Province (mainly on P. massoniana). It is felt that it had spread from Hong-Kong to Guandong Province. In 1991, it was found in Zhejiang (P. massoniana and P. thunbergii), and in Changdao county, Shandong Province (it was found on an island which was a harbour before, on P. thunbergii and P. densiflora). In 1999, B. xylophilus was detected in Hubei Province (P. massoniana). In areas where the nematode was found, phytosanitary measures are being applied: destruction of dead pine trees, treatments of logs (burning, fumigation, chemical treatments), treatments against insect vectors.
The most efficient vector of B. xylophilus is Monochamus alternatus. This insect is widespread in China where it occurs in almost all areas planted with pine in Central and South China. Other vectors species present in China are M. saltuarius and M. sutor.
- M. alternatus occurs in Anhui, Beijing municipality, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei*, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi*, Shandong, Shanghai municipality, Shanxi*, Sichuan, Tianjin municipality, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
- M. saltuarius occurs in: Beijing municipality*, Hebei*, Heilongjiang, Jilin*, Shandong*, Tianjin municipality*.
-M. sutor occurs in: Helongjiang*, Inner Mongolia*, Jilin*, Liaoning*, Qinghai*.*1
* New detailed records
Sources
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Yang, B.-J. (2001) The History, Spreading Manner and Potential Threat of PWN in China.
Paper presented at the International Workshop on the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Evora, PT, 2001-07-20/22.
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