New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List
By browsing through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included in the EPPO Alert List. The situation of the pest concerned is indicated in bold, using the terms of ISPM no. 8.
New records
Eotetranychus lewisi (EU Annexes) and Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae – EPPO Alert List) are both newly recorded in Taiwan. E. lewisi was mainly found in mountainous areas with cooler temperatures on Bauhinia variegata, Pueraria and Musa and at lower elevations on potted seedlings of poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima). T. evansi was found in most counties of Taiwan, as well as on the islands of Kinmen and Matsu, on tomato, aubergine and the weed Solanum nigrum (Ho et al., 2005). Present, no details.
Strawberry latent ringspot virus (Sadwavirus – EU Annexes) occurs in Himachal Pradesh, India. It was detected in field-grown hybrid lilies (Lillium cvs. ‘Star Gazer Max’, ‘Galeili’) and in their associated nematode species, Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Adekunle et al., 2006). Present, found in Himachal Pradesh.
Detailed records
Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae – EPPO Alert List) occurs in coastal areas of Pernambuco state, Brazil (Rosa et al., 2005).
In Turkey, during surveys done in 2002/2003 on tomato viruses, Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus – EPPO A2 List) was detected in the province of Samsun, Black Sea region. Other viruses (Tomato mosaic virus, Potato virus X and Cucumber mosaic virus) were also found (Arli-Sokmen ; Sevik, 2006).
In winter 2005, Pepino mosaic virus (Potexvirus - EPPO Alert List) was detected in the province of Ragusa, Sicilia (IT) on glasshouse tomatoes (Davino et al., 2006).
The recombinant strain of Plum pox virus (Potyvirus – EPPO A2 List) is reported for the first time from Turkey. So far, this strain had only been reported from central and south-central Europe and it induces only weak symptoms on GF305 seedlings (a widely used indicator plant) which complicates it detection (Candresse et al., 2007).
In Brazil, bacterial spot has become a major problem in processing tomatoes. From 1995 to 2000, 447 strains were collected in commercial fields in the central-west and northeast regions and characterized. The 4 recently described Xanthomonas species associated with bacterial spot of tomato were detected: Xanthomonas gardeneri (group D/race T2), X. vesicatoria (group B/race T2), X. euvesicatoria (group A/race T1), X. perforans (group C/race T3) (Quezado-Duval et al., 2005).
So far in the USA, Xylella fastidiosa (EPPO A1 List) had never been reported from New Mexico, although it occurs in surrounding states (Arizona, California, Texas). But in summer 2006, it was identified in several ornamental trees (Chitalpa tashkinensis) showing leaf scorch symptoms and branch dieback in Las Cruces, New Mexico (Randall et al., 2007).
Host plants
Damage caused by Ditylenchus destructor (EU Annexes) has been observed on Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng) in Hebei Province, China (Zhang ; Zhang, 2007).
Natural infection of Vaccinium membranaceum (black huckleberry) by Blueberry scorch virus (Carlavirus, EPPO Alert List) is reported for the first time in British Columbia, Canada. Infected plants were symptomless (Wegener et al., 2007).
Sources
Adekunle OK, Saurabh K, Ramdeen P, Vilpin H, Gaurav R, Neeraj V, Raja R, Sanjay K, Zaidi AA (2006) Plant parasitic and vector nematodes associated with Asiatic and Oriental hybrid lilies. Bioresource Technology 97(3), 364-371 (abst.).
Arli-Sokmen M, Sevik MA (2006) Viruses infecting field-grown tomatoes in Samsun province, Turkey. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 39(4), 283-288 (abst.).
Candresse T, Svanella-Dumas L, Gentit P, Caglayan K, Çevik B (2007) First report of the presence of Plum pox virus Rec strain in Turkey. Plant Disease 91(3), p 331.
Davino S, Bellardi MG, Agosteo GE, Iacono G, Davino M (2006) Characterization of a strain of Pepino mosaic virus found in Sicily. Journal of Plant Pathology 88(3 supplement), S31-S63.
Ho CC, Wang SC, Chien YL (2005) [Field observation on two newly recorded spider mites in Taiwan.] Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei) 47(4), 391-402 (abst.).
Quezado-Duval AM, Lopes CA, Leite Jr RP, Lima MF, Camargo LEA (2005) Diversity of Xanthomonas spp. associated with bacterial spot of processing tomatoes in Brazil. In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Tomato Diseases, Orlando, Florida (US), 2004-06-21/24. Acta Horticulturae no. 695, 101-108 (abst.).
Randall JJ, Radionenko M, French JM, Olsen MW, Goldberg NP, Hanson SF (2007) Xylella fastidiosa detected in New Mexico in Chitalpa, a common landscape ornamental plant. Plant Disease 91(3), p 329.
Rosa AA, Gondim Jr MGC, Fiaboe KKM, de Moraes GJ, Knapp M (2005) Predatory mites associated with Tetranychus evansi Baker ; Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on native solanaceous plants of coastal Pernambuco State, Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 34(4), 689-692.
Wegener LA, Punja ZK, Martin RR (2007) First report of Blueberry scorch virus in black huckleberry in British Columbia. Plant Disease 91(3), p 328.
Zhang GZ, Zhang HW (2007) First report of root rot of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) caused by Ditylenchus destructor in China. Plant Disease 91(4), p 459.